2022
DOI: 10.26686/pq.v18i4.8013
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Looking Further and Deeper into Environmental Protection, Regulation and Policy Using Environmental DNA (eDNA)

Abstract: DNA sequencing technologies are transforming how environments are monitored. In this article, we pose the question: is environmental DNA (eDNA) the tool that Aotearoa New Zealand needs, but does not yet realise it does? The step change with eDNA is that genetic ‘breadcrumbs’ left behind in the environment can identify every living thing, from microbes to mammals, thus providing a more nuanced and holistic lens on ecosystems. Using eDNA, we can explore the biological networks that underpin healthy environments.… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…Considering the relative localisation of eDNA between the sites in this present study, repeated monitoring efforts along alpine mountain streams can establish a time series that elucidates mountain species shifts to higher elevations as a response to warming. Alternatively, by focusing on indicator species representing crucial plant communities (Bunce and Freeth 2022 ), it may be possible to identify catchments of conservation importance and inform land-use change strategies to mitigate their loss (Carignan and Villard 2002 ). Such an approach would not require massive sampling efforts to capture all species in a catchment and instead utilise a more judicious, cost-effective approach.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Considering the relative localisation of eDNA between the sites in this present study, repeated monitoring efforts along alpine mountain streams can establish a time series that elucidates mountain species shifts to higher elevations as a response to warming. Alternatively, by focusing on indicator species representing crucial plant communities (Bunce and Freeth 2022 ), it may be possible to identify catchments of conservation importance and inform land-use change strategies to mitigate their loss (Carignan and Villard 2002 ). Such an approach would not require massive sampling efforts to capture all species in a catchment and instead utilise a more judicious, cost-effective approach.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There are many meetings and reports including university-based researchers, government-based researchers, government natural resource managers, policy makers, and those in nascent eDNA-based industries, calling for more rapid adoption eDNA in ways that maximize its utility and minimize its limitations (Bunce & Freeth, 2022;Darling, 2019;Kelly et al, 2023;Lee et al, 2023;Lodge, 2022;Stein et al, 2023).…”
Section: Le Sson S Le Arnedmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the subsequent 15 years, research using eDNA has proliferated (Pawlowski et al, 2020), the number of companies providing materials and supplies for eDNA sampling and analysis is growing, and calls for more rapid adoption of eDNA for natural resource decision-making by government agencies are strengthening (Lee et al, 2023). This is true, for example, in Canada (National Standards of Canada, 2021), New Zealand (Bunce & Freeth, 2022), Europe (Bruce et al, 2021), and the United States (Kelly et al, 2023;Lodge, 2022;Morisette et al, 2021;Sepulveda et al, 2020). This Aspects of this story, including some lessons learned, have been excellently told by some of my collaborators (Jerde, 2021;, a member of one of the panels that conducted formal site reviews of my laboratory (Darling, 2019), and journalists (Annin, 2018;Egan, 2018;Reeves, 2019).…”
Section: The Chi C Ag O Are a Waterway Sys Tem And B I G He Aded C Arpsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Four groups of partners are important: Resource managers are needed both to vet protocols that their agencies can use to make better decisions and to enable their own staff to use them. Researchers—both in government and outside—can propose innovations, participate in testing them, and should take the lead in developing standards and criteria to apply in routine application. Policy leadership at senior levels of government (including Congress) is essential, to enable the use of eDNA methods, to approve budgets and to assign personnel so that methodological options can be tested and, if validated, brought into routine use. Non‐governmental users and supporters (businesses, donors, NGOs, and media) can mobilize support, especially as collaborative governance is launched. Co‐management authorities such as indigenous tribes have played a notable role in accelerating the adoption of eDNA, as have citizen scientists in New Zealand (Bunce & Feeth, 2022). …”
Section: Adoption Through Collaborative Governancementioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the upper two rows (Routine Application and Expert Judgment), the user is the entity using eDNA observations to support its decision‐making. In the analysis below we have taken the user to be a public agency but it is useful to bear in mind that it can also be a co‐management authority or a citizen science organization (Bunce & Feeth, 2022). Entities of both kinds have played a notable role in accelerating the adoption of eDNA by public agencies.…”
Section: Usable Knowledgementioning
confidence: 99%