Looking for a Location: Dissociated Effects of Event-Related Plausibility and Verb–Argument Information on Predictive Processing in Aphasia

Hayes, Rebecca A.; Dickey, Michael Walsh; Warren, Tessa

doi:10.1044/2016_ajslp-15-0145

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…This prediction is not unique to rational adaptation, nor is it surprising given that aphasia, by definition, impairs language. For example, although linguistic and conceptual knowledge were also independent in the study by Hayes et al (2016) , they only found evidence that people with aphasia relied less on linguistic knowledge than neurotypical controls did. The current study goes beyond this in showing an increase in the use of conceptual knowledge for people with aphasia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Another critical contribution of this study is that it separately examines automatic facilitatory effects of linguistic and conceptual information types, which are independent of one another in this study design. Much of the previous evidence that is consistent with rational adaption in aphasia could be explained by the fact that people with aphasia show less reliance on linguistic knowledge than neurotypicals (e.g., Hayes et al, 2016 ; Warren et al, 2017 ). This prediction is not unique to rational adaptation, nor is it surprising given that aphasia, by definition, impairs language.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But these studies have been relatively narrowly focused, in that the only language-related cue that has been tested is the form of the input, and the only outcome measure has been the ultimate interpretation of the sentence. A study by Hayes et al (2016) tested a different kind of language-related cue, namely verb-argument requirements, during incremental comprehension. They pitted verb-argument information against plausibility in a visual-world study testing the anticipatory processing of event locations (e.g., “The child put/rode the bicycle in the park/pool.”).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rational Adaptation in Using Conceptual Versus Lexical Information in Adults With Aphasia

et al. 2021

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The information theoretic principle of rational adaptation predicts that individuals with aphasia adapt to their language impairments by relying more heavily on comparatively unimpaired non-linguistic knowledge to communicate. This prediction was examined by assessing the extent to which adults with chronic aphasia due to left-hemisphere stroke rely more on conceptual rather than lexical information during verb retrieval, as compared to age-matched neurotypical controls. A primed verb naming task examined the degree of facilitation each participant group received from either conceptual event-related or lexical collocate cues, compared to unrelated baseline cues. The results provide evidence that adults with aphasia received amplified facilitation from conceptual cues compared to controls, whereas healthy controls received greater facilitation from lexical cues. This indicates that adaptation to alternative and relatively unimpaired information may facilitate successful word retrieval in aphasia. Implications for models of rational adaptation and clinical neurorehabilitation are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rational Adaptation in Using Conceptual Versus Lexical Information in Adults With Aphasia

et al. 2021

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“…But in direct contrast, in an experiment testing predictive language processing, Milburn et al (2016) found that the proportion and timing of predictive looks to a target object were guided by world knowledge and unaffected by the presence of potentially predictive selectional restrictions. In another visual world experiment, Hayes et al (2016) similarly found that world knowledge about event likelihood was used as quickly, if not more quickly, than verb-based expectations for the existence of an upcoming locative argument. Venhuizen et al's (2019) model in its current form seems unlikely to be able to capture these task-based differences, given that it only models processing difficulty during reading, it is not clear whether it represents verb-based knowledge like selectional restrictions and expectations for upcoming arguments, and it has no mechanism for capturing fine-grained differences in when different kinds of knowledge are used.…”

Section: Tradeoffs Between Reliance On Linguistic and World Knowledge In Language Processingmentioning

confidence: 90%

The use of linguistic and world knowledge in language processing

Warren

Dickey

2021

Language and Linguist. Compass

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There has been considerable investigation of the roles that linguistic and world knowledge play during language comprehension. This investigation is important because its results have ramifications for both basic questions about how the mature intact language comprehension system functions and for applied questions regarding how comprehension systems that are impaired by aphasia might function. In the current paper, we review debates and research related to the representation and use of linguistic and world knowledge in language comprehension and then describe a recent computational model that takes both world and linguistic knowledge into account in predicting language comprehension difficulty. We then review empirical work that attempts to characterize the interactions and potential trade-offs between world and linguistic knowledge during language comprehension, and relate this work to the computational model previously described. We conclude with a brief overview of a few open questions regarding the representation of linguistic and world knowledge. | DEFINING LINGUISTIC KNOWLEDGE AND WORLD KNOWLEDGESimply defined, linguistic knowledge is knowledge of the patterns that characterize linguistic input. World knowledge is knowledge of the patterns that characterize our experiences in the world. At certain levels of analysis, these two kinds of knowledge are quite distinct. For

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“…The VWP has been used to study, among others, phonological effects on word recognition (Allopenna et al 1998), facilitative effects of selectional restrictions (Altmann and Kamide 1999), the mental representation of scenes (Altmann and Kamide 2009), and the role of event knowledge in predictive processing (Milburn et al 2016). Furthermore, the VWP is easy for participants to complete: participants are often required only to ''look and listen'' or to follow simple instructions, making it ideal for use in populations, such as older adults (Hayes et al 2016), people with aphasia (Mack et al 2013), young children (Borovsky et al 2012) or deficit populations (Norbury 2017;Vulchanova et al 2019).…”

Section: Language Comprehension and Visual Context: An Integrated Permentioning

confidence: 99%

Language and perception: Introduction to the Special Issue “Speakers and Listeners in the Visual World”

et al. 2019

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Language and perception are two central cognitive systems. Until relatively recently, however, the interaction between them has been examined only partially and not from an over-arching theoretical perspective. Yet it has become clear that linguistic and perceptual interactions are essential to understanding both typical and atypical human behaviour. In this editorial, we examine the link between language and perception across three domains. First, we present a brief review of work investigating the importance of perceptual features, particularly shape bias, when learning names for novel objects-a critical skill acquired during language development. Second, we describe the Visual World Paradigm, an experimental method uniquely suited to investigate the languageperception relationship. Studies using the Visual World Paradigm demonstrate that the relationship between linguistic and perceptual information during processing is both intricate and bi-directional: linguistic cues guide interpretation of visual scenes, while perceptual information shapes interpretation of linguistic input. Finally, we turn to a discussion of cospeech gesture focusing on iconic gestures which depict aspects of the visual world (e.g., motion, shape).The relationship between language and these semantically-meaningful gestures is likewise complex and bi-directional. However, more research is needed to illuminate the exact circumstances under which iconic gestures shape language production and comprehension. In conclusion, although strong evidence exists supporting a critical relationship between linguistic and perceptual systems, the exact levels at which these two systems interact, the time-course of the interaction, and what is driving the interaction, remain largely open questions in need of future research.

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Looking for a Location: Dissociated Effects of Event-Related Plausibility and Verb–Argument Information on Predictive Processing in Aphasia

Cited by 10 publications

References 85 publications

Rational Adaptation in Using Conceptual Versus Lexical Information in Adults With Aphasia

Rational Adaptation in Using Conceptual Versus Lexical Information in Adults With Aphasia

The use of linguistic and world knowledge in language processing

Language and perception: Introduction to the Special Issue “Speakers and Listeners in the Visual World”

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