Looking Back to the Future – Acne

Wj, Cunliffe

doi:10.1159/000057876

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…[53][54][55][56][57] There are four principal pathogenetic events: abnormal follicular keratinization with retention of keratinous material in the follicle, increased sebum production, the presence of the Gram-positive anaerobic diphtheroid Propionibacterium acnes, and inflammation. [53][54][55][56][57] There are four principal pathogenetic events: abnormal follicular keratinization with retention of keratinous material in the follicle, increased sebum production, the presence of the Gram-positive anaerobic diphtheroid Propionibacterium acnes, and inflammation.…”

Section: Etiology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases of cutaneous appendages

Weedon

2010

Weedon's Skin Pathology

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Section: Etiology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases of cutaneous appendages

Weedon

2010

Weedon's Skin Pathology

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“…Acne vulgaris (commonly called acne) is one of the most common skin diseases with a prevalence of up to 85% of teenagers and 11% of adults (White, 1998). Although the etiology and pathogenesis of acne are still unclear, microbial involvement is considered one of the main mechanisms contributing to the development of acne (Bojar and Holland, 2004; Cunliffe, 2002). In particular, Propionibacterium acnes has been hypothesized to be an important pathogenic factor (Webster, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propionibacterium acnes Strain Populations in the Human Skin Microbiome Associated with Acne

Fitz‐Gibbon

Tomida

Chiu

et al. 2013

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

593

809

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The human skin microbiome plays important roles in skin health and disease. However, bacterial population structure and diversity at the strain level is poorly understood. We compared the skin microbiome at the strain level and genome level of Propionibacterium acnes, a dominant skin commensal, between 49 acne patients and 52 healthy individuals by sampling the pilosebaceous units on their noses. Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that while the relative abundances of P. acnes were similar, the strain population structures were significantly different in the two cohorts. Certain strains were highly associated with acne and other strains were enriched in healthy skin. By sequencing 66 previously unreported P. acnes strains and comparing 71 P. acnes genomes, we identified potential genetic determinants of various P. acnes strains in association with acne or health. Our analysis suggests that acquired DNA sequences and bacterial immune elements may play roles in determining virulence properties of P. acnes strains and some could be future targets for therapeutic interventions. This study demonstrates a previously unreported paradigm of commensal strain populations that could explain the pathogenesis of human diseases. It underscores the importance of strain level analysis of the human microbiome to define the role of commensals in health and disease.

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“…It affects over 80% of all adolescents in the US [1] and persists into adulthood in 50% of the cases [2, 3]. While the etiology of the disease is undefined, four pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed: increased sebum production, changes in the follicle, hormone, and the activity of the follicular microflora [4–8]. Antibiotic treatment is one of the main acne therapies targeting the microbes living in the follicle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Complete Genomes ofPropionibacterium acnesReveals a Novel Plasmid and Increased Pseudogenes in an Acne Associated Strain

Kasimatis

Fitz‐Gibbon

Tomida

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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The human skin harbors a diverse community of bacteria, including the Gram-positive, anaerobic bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. P. acnes has historically been linked to the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris, a common skin disease affecting over 80% of all adolescents in the US. To gain insight into potential P. acnes pathogenic mechanisms, we previously sequenced the complete genome of a P. acnes strain HL096PA1 that is highly associated with acne. In this study, we compared its genome to the first published complete genome KPA171202. HL096PA1 harbors a linear plasmid, pIMPLE-HL096PA1. This is the first described P. acnes plasmid. We also observed a five-fold increase of pseudogenes in HL096PA1, several of which encode proteins in carbohydrate transport and metabolism. In addition, our analysis revealed a few island-like genomic regions that are unique to HL096PA1 and a large genomic inversion spanning the ribosomal operons. Together, these findings offer a basis for understanding P. acnes virulent properties, host adaptation mechanisms, and its potential role in acne pathogenesis at the strain level. Furthermore, the plasmid identified in HL096PA1 may potentially provide a new opportunity for P. acnes genetic manipulation and targeted therapy against specific disease-associated strains.

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Looking Back to the Future – Acne

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Diseases of cutaneous appendages

Diseases of cutaneous appendages

Propionibacterium acnes Strain Populations in the Human Skin Microbiome Associated with Acne

Analysis of Complete Genomes ofPropionibacterium acnesReveals a Novel Plasmid and Increased Pseudogenes in an Acne Associated Strain

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