Looking back over the past two decades on the nexus between air pollution, energy consumption, and agricultural productivity in China: a qualitative analysis based on the ARDL bounds testing model

Revisiting the effects of relevant factors on Pakistan's agricultural products export

“…Cumulative sum (CUSUM) and the cumulative sum of squares (CUSUMSQ) tests were also utilized in this empirical study to check the stability of the structures in the ARDL model. Figure 4 shows that both the CUSUM and CUSUMSQ plots fall within the limits of a 5% significance level, favour- (Ploberger and Krämer 1992;Huang et al 2011;Rehman et al 2019b;Koondhar et al 2020).…”

“…A similar trend is followed amongst the other variables, but with different inclinations. This same technique was used in early research to find a serial correlation (Koondhar et al 2020).…”

“…The results for the AIC, SC, and HQC are shown in Figure 2. Such techniques have been used by many researchers with different objectives and variables (Hatemi and Hacker 2009;Koondhar et al 2018a;Koondhar et al 2020). Using the technique of ARDL bound testing for the cointegration approach, firstly, by application of fitting ARDL models, we estimated the value of the F-test.…”

Short-Term Causal Relationships between the Oil Sector and Economic Growth in the Mexican Economy: FG-ARDL Approach

“…The variables 5 and 6 refer to the Total light crude oil production and Total superlight crude oil production, respectively, both present relations that are inversely proportional to the behavior of the aggregate economic activity, that means that with decreases in total production of both types of crude oil, the present value of economic activity increases, alternately; however, both models refer to a relatively low impact coefficient, even the fuzzy model suggests that the effect is less than estimated by conventional ARDL. : Volume of total domestic sales of liquefied gas (1) 38 : Volume of total crude oil exports American region (1) PA-IGAE: Primary Activities Global Economic Activity Indicator 18 : Volume of total domestic sales of Pemex diesel (1) 39 : Volume of total crude oil exports American region (4) 694 REMEF (The Mexican Journal of Economics and Finance) Short-Term Causal Relationships between the Oil Sector and Economic Growth in the Mexican Economy: FG-ARDL Approach…”

“…The ARDL model is one of the most frequently applied methods in multiple studies on the subject, primarily attributed to the fact that the model allows the estimation of economic variables that have a different order of integration; and as well, academics consider that the ARDL technique is the most appropriate technique to identify immediate impact coefficients. Therefore, the ARDL method is considered the best for short-term evaluation (Razmi et al, 2020), (Habib-ur-Rahman et al, 2020), (Nguyen and Ngoc, 2020), (Nadeem et al, 2020), (Le et al, 2020), (Koondhar et al, Kong, 2020), (Khan et al, 2020) and (Mirza & Kanwal, 2017).…”