Looking at my body. Similarities and differences between anorexia nervosa patients and controls in body image visual processing

Castellini, Giovanni; Polito, Cristina; Bolognesi, E.; D’Argenio, Alberto; Ginestroni, Andrea; Mascalchi, Mario; Pellicanò, Giannantonio; Mazzoni, Lorenzo Nicola; Rotella, Francesco; Faravelli, Carlo; Pupi, Alberto; Ricca, Valdo

doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2012.06.006

Cited by 59 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…3B), and increased RD in bilateral IFO (Fig. 3D) are consistent with abnormal body perceptions and frontooccipito-parietal functionality in anorexia nervosa [42,43]. Similar to others [44], our findings appear largely left-lateralized although increased right IFO RD also supports right parietal involvement [43,45].…”

Section: Scc Connectivity Is Different Between Anorexia Nervosa and Csupporting

confidence: 92%

Subcallosal Cingulate Connectivity in Anorexia Nervosa Patients Differs From Healthy Controls: A Multi-tensor Tractography Study

et al. 2015

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Section: Scc Connectivity Is Different Between Anorexia Nervosa and Csupporting

confidence: 92%

Subcallosal Cingulate Connectivity in Anorexia Nervosa Patients Differs From Healthy Controls: A Multi-tensor Tractography Study

et al. 2015

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“…thinness), the higher activations presented by the amygdala and PFC to overweight body images may occur due to 'top-down' cognitive mechanisms to help reducing the effects of stimuli considered to be threatening by these patients. This is consistent with previous studies reporting prefrontal activity in response to oversized body images [18].…”

Section: Neurocircuitry Of Reward and Inhibitionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Vocks and colleagues have also found that AN patients revealed enhanced limbic activity (amygdala) when looking to other women's body, which may be related to stronger emotional affective reactions, probably due to unfavourable social comparison processes [17]. One study using participants' distorted body images as stimuli have shown that when AN patients see themselves as oversized, there is a higher activation in regions such as the extrastriate body area, superior and inferior parietal lobule and prefrontal areas, which may be the result of higher affective value given to oversized body image [18].…”

Section: Neurocircuitry Of Cognitive and Emotional Processing Of Visumentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological risk factors, cognitive-contextual approaches and neural correlates in eating disorders: an integrative review

Marques¹,

Almeida²,

Santos³

et al. 2017

IJCNMH

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Eating disorders (ED) are a significant source of physical and psychosocial impairment, mainly amongst women in adolescence and early adulthood. The development and progression of ED are influenced by a large set of environmental and social factors, but it has also been recognized that ED have important biological and psychological determinants.This article reviews the literature on ED concerning defensive emotion and psychological processes involved in the development and maintenance of ED, but also their neuroimaging/electrophysiological correlates. Furthermore, it also reviews treatment approaches that focused on the improvement of ED patients' symptomatology.An extensive literature exists regarding neuroimaging/electrophysiological studies associated with clinical features of ED patients in terms of body image and food processing and reward/inhibition processes. However, studies addressing the neural correlates of psychological processes, such as rumination, experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion and self-criticism, and the defensive emotion of shame, which are key components for the development and maintenance of ED, are still scarce if not lacking. In the context of this cognitive set, cognitive-contextual approaches for ED patients, such as mindfulness, acceptance-and compassion-based interventions are promising to change the way individuals relate to their aversive experiences, but still requires a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which it operates and further testing of its therapeutic efficacy.This review highlights the lack of neuroimaging/electrophysiological studies in ED patients in which concerns shame and other relevant psychological processes, but also the scarce evidence in terms of brain modifications associated with therapeutic efficacy of cognitive-contextual approaches that help to change the way individuals relate to their body, weight and food concerns, reduce maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and improve well-being in patients suffering from ED.

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“…In contrast, several studies in the field of eating disorders found differences regarding the exploration pattern of body stimuli in anorexia nervosa (e.g. [30,31,32,33,34]) and bulimia nervosa (e.g. [34,35,36,37]) compared to healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Where Do You Look Visual Attention to Human Bodies across the Weight Spectrum in Individuals with Normal Weight or with Obesity

Leehr¹,

Giel²,

Schäffeler³

et al. 2018

Obes Facts

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Objective: We investigated how individuals with normal weight (NW) versus individuals with obesity (OB) visually explore human bodies varying in BMI. Methods: 16 OB (BMI 37.5 ± 7.7 kg/m²) and 35 NW (BMI 21.5 ± 1.6 kg/m²) visually explored 35 natural photographs and 25 avatars depicting male and female bodies ranging from normal weight to obesity. Gaze behaviour was assessed using eye tracking technology. Additionally, participants rated the attractiveness of all body stimuli. Results: A comparison of the displayed gaze behaviour shown by both participant weight classes indicates that regarding visual stimuli of obese natural bodies, all participants (OB + NW) looked at the waist longer, whereas regarding visual stimuli of normal-weight bodies, all participants viewed the head longer. Overall, OB spent less time looking at the bodies than NW. All participants rated normal-weight bodies as more attractive than obese bodies. However, the NW sample rated the depicted obese bodies as even less attractive than the OB sample did. Conclusions: TheBMI of the explored body, but not the observer's BMI, produces differences in the visual exploration of human bodies. The displayed exploration pattern of obese bodies can cautiously be interpreted as a ‘de-individualised' and ‘obesity-focused' perception. This tendency may prove in close relationship with the negative cultural views on obesity.

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Looking at my body. Similarities and differences between anorexia nervosa patients and controls in body image visual processing

Cited by 59 publications

References 51 publications

Subcallosal Cingulate Connectivity in Anorexia Nervosa Patients Differs From Healthy Controls: A Multi-tensor Tractography Study

Subcallosal Cingulate Connectivity in Anorexia Nervosa Patients Differs From Healthy Controls: A Multi-tensor Tractography Study

Psychological risk factors, cognitive-contextual approaches and neural correlates in eating disorders: an integrative review

Where Do You Look Visual Attention to Human Bodies across the Weight Spectrum in Individuals with Normal Weight or with Obesity

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