Look and listen! The online processing of Korean case by native and non-native speakers

Frenck-Mestre, Cheryl; Kim, Seung Kyung; Choo, Hyeree; Ghio, Alain; Herschensohn, Julia; Koh, Seong‐Joon

doi:10.1080/23273798.2018.1549332

Cited by 22 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Relatedly, studies on case marking have shown that comprehenders of German, Turkish, English, Korean, Hindi, and Japanese can use case-marked noun phrases to anticipate constituents that are yet to be mentioned (Frenck-Mestre et al, 2019;Henry et al, 2017;Hopp, 2015;Husain et al, 2014;Kamide, Scheepers, et al, 2003;Mitsugi & MacWhinney, 2016;Özge et al, 2016;Zhang & Knoeferle, 2012). Together, this evidence highlights a key role of morphosyntactic relationships in sentence comprehension: They allow speakers to proactively identify possible heads of noun phrases (gender and number agreement) and to assign thematic roles to these phrases (case marking), thus enabling incremental interpretation and enhancing comprehension speed and robustness to noise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction of grammatically distinct agreement dependencies in predictive processing

Stone

Veríssimo

Schad³

et al. 2021

Language, Cognition and Neuroscience

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Previous research has found that comprehenders sometimes predict information that is grammatically unlicensed by sentence constraints. An open question is why such grammatically unlicensed predictions occur. We examined the possibility that unlicensed predictions arise in situations of information conflict, for instance when comprehenders try to predict upcoming words while simultaneously building dependencies with previously encountered elements in memory. German possessive pronouns are a good testing ground for this hypothesis because they encode two grammatically distinct agreement dependencies: a retrospective one between the possessive and its previously mentioned referent, and a prospective one between the possessive and its following nominal head. In two visual world eye-tracking experiments, we estimated the onset of predictive effects in participants' fixations. The results showed that the retrospective dependency affected resolution of the prospective dependency by shifting the onset of predictive effects. We attribute this effect to an interaction between predictive and memory retrieval processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction of grammatically distinct agreement dependencies in predictive processing

Stone

Veríssimo

Schad³

et al. 2021

Language, Cognition and Neuroscience

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show abstract

“…The number of case markers in Korean is known as eight, including nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, locative, instrumental, comitative, and vocative. These case markers enable Korean to be flexible in the ordering of subject and object arguments as in Japanese, Turkish, or German [80].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syntactic Comprehension of Relative Clauses and Center Embedding Using Pseudowords

et al. 2020

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Relative clause (RC) formation and center embedding (CE) are two primary syntactic operations fundamental for creating and understanding complex sentences. Ample evidence from previous cross-linguistic studies has revealed several similarities and differences between RC and CE. However, it is not easy to investigate the effect of pure syntactic constraints for RC and CE without the interference of semantic and pragmatic interactions. Here, we show how readers process CE and RC using a self-paced reading task in Korean. More interestingly, we adopted a novel self-paced pseudoword reading task to exploit syntactic operations of the RC and CE, eliminating the semantic and pragmatic interference in sentence comprehension. Our results showed that the main effects of RC and CE conform to previous studies. Furthermore, we found a facilitation effect of sentence comprehension when we combined an RC and CE in a complex sentence. Our study provides a valuable insight into how the purely syntactic processing of RC and CE assists comprehension of complex sentences.

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“…In contrast, research on L2 learners has generally revealed a lesser capacity to process morphosyntactic markers online, either to compute structure or to predict upcoming elements [ 5 , 7 ]. Studies that have examined auditory sentence processing have shown dramatic differences between native speakers and L2 learners as concerns their ability to process grammatical case incrementally across several languages, including Korean [ 8 ], German [ 5 ], and Japanese [ 6 ]. During reading, differences between native speakers’ abilities and those of L2 learners are often observed, but to a lesser extent than during auditory processing of utterances [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], an issue that we address in the present paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While both monolingual children and adults of case-marking languages are sensitive to case for predictive processing in non canonical word order (e.g., scrambling), they use a range of top-down and bottom-up cues. In contrast, bilingual children and adults rely more on word order, often misparsing structures in a non-canonical order [ 8 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Online Processing of Korean Case by Native Korean Speakers and Second Language Learners as Revealed by Eye Movements

et al. 2022

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Previous experimental studies have reported clear differences between native speakers and second language (L2) learners as concerns their capacity to extract and exploit morphosyntactic information during online processing. We examined the online processing of nominal case morphology in Korean by native speakers and L2 learners by contrasting canonical (SOV) and scrambled (OSV) structures, across auditory (Experiment 1) and written (Experiment 2) formats. Moreover, we compared different instances of nominal case marking: accusative (NOM-ACC) and dative (NOM-DAT). During auditory processing, Koreans showed incremental processing based on case information, with no effect of scrambling or specific case marking. In contrast, the L2 group showed no evidence of predictive processing and was negatively impacted by scrambling, especially for the accusative. During reading, both Koreans and the L2 group showed a cost of scrambling on first pass reading times, specifically for the dative. Lastly, L2 learners showed better comprehension for scrambled dative than accusative structures across formats. The current set of results show that format, the specific case marking, and word order all affect the online processing of nominal case morphology.

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Look and listen! The online processing of Korean case by native and non-native speakers

Abstract: Progamme. The views expressed here are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the funding agencies. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Cited by 22 publications

References 50 publications

The interaction of grammatically distinct agreement dependencies in predictive processing

The interaction of grammatically distinct agreement dependencies in predictive processing

Syntactic Comprehension of Relative Clauses and Center Embedding Using Pseudowords

The Online Processing of Korean Case by Native Korean Speakers and Second Language Learners as Revealed by Eye Movements

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