LONGRANGE® (eprinomectin 5% w/v extended-release injection) efficacy against Hypoderma lineatum in an endemic area in southern Italy

Abstract

Background Despite intensive control measures including governmental campaigns using highly-efficacious systemic insecticides, there is evidence for persisting or recurring bovine Hypoderma species populations in parts of Europe, the USA and Canada. The present study evaluated the efficacy of LONGRANGE® (eprinomectin 5% w/v extended-release injection) against the infestation of cattle with Hypoderma lineatum , which is considered to be the predominant bovine warble fly in southern Europe and in North America. Methods Thirty-six local breed cattle sourced in an endemic area in southern Italy and confirmed positive for Hypoderma exposure by ELISA were randomly assigned to three groups of 12 animals each. Cattle of one group served as control and received saline injectable solution, whereas those in the two other groups received LONGRANGE® by subcutaneous injection. LONGRANGE® was administered once, either when Hypoderma larvae were expected to be first-instars (L1) or after warbles development, with Hypoderma larvae moulting to the second-(L2) and third-(L3) instars. Cattle were checked at intervals for warbles and Hypoderma larvae were collected, examined for their viability and morphologically identified. The detection of Hypoderma on cattle was terminated when warbles were no longer emerging. Results All intact larvae collected were identified as H. lineatum . No live larvae were collected from any animal treated with LONGRANGE® while live specimens were sampled from nine of the 12 control cattle (1 to 9 larvae per animal) ( P = 0.0001 at α = 0.05). LONGRANGE® treatment was well accepted and no adverse events related to treatment or other health problems were observed. Conclusions This study confirmed the continued ‘preventive’ (efficacy against migrating L1) and ‘therapeutic’ (efficacy against L2 and L3 in warbles) efficacy of LONGRANGE® against H. lineatum infestation of cattle under contemporary field conditions.

Bovine hypodermosis is highly prevalent in Kazakhstan: Results of a first serological study

“…Therefore, province-wide campaigns aimed at eradicating this economically important parasitosis should be launched to improve the health and performance of cattle and to increase the economic income of farmers. Macrocyclic lactones, such as ivermectin or eprinomectin, are currently the firstchoice compounds because of their near 100% efficacy against the Hypoderma first-stage larvae [1,17]. A proven method of treatment is the application of a "microdose" of ivermectin (2 μg/kg BWT subcutaneously or 2.5 μg/kg BWT pour-on) given to all cattle in a region in late autumn [16].…”