Longitudinal Sociopsychologic Study of a Randomly Selected Group of Institutionalized Veterans

Psychologic and Anamnestic Patterns Characteristic of Laryngectomees; Relation to Speech Rehabilitation

“…It is noteworthy that the institutionalized veterans exhibited internalization and repression to the greatest degree. This is in accord with their marked addictive tendencies and schizoid nature, as portrayed in a previous study (11). The self‐destructive tendency, however, was significant in both the other pathologic groups.…”

Institutional Totality and Criteria of Social Adjustment in Residences for the Aged

“…Anderson (1964) found no differences between an institutionalized and non-institutionalized population waiting to enter the home. Webb (1959) found that members of a Veterans' Administration center often were better adjusted in the institution than they had been before entry. Comparable studies of nursing homes and mental hospitals were not available.…”

“…Thereforc, they hypothesized that a change in social patterns will ensue after this program reached effective oper a t' ion. Webb (1959) found that veterans in domiciliaries were quite isolated as compared with the general population. But he concluded that institutioiial life in the domiciliary had no deleterious effect upon the individual member; on the contrary, he thought members often made a better adjustment in the controlled institutional environment than in any situation previously prevailing in the outside community.…”

Effects of institutionalization: a comparison of community, waiting list, and institutionalized aged persons.

“…Studies of institutional structure suggest a reasonable hypothesis that at least some aspects of the disturbances of individuals and personality changes are a part of the functioning of the institution (Bettelheim, 1950;Freud and Burlingham, 1943;Goffman, 1961;Goldfarb, 1943;Greenblatt, Levinson, and Williams, 1957;Spitz, 1945;Stanton and Schwartz, 1954;Szurek, 1951;Townsend, 1962). Other investigations have attributed the differences in psychological functioning to sample selection (Davol, 1958;Fogel, Swepston, Zintek, Vernier, Fitzgerald, Marnocha, and Weschler, 1956;Webb, 1959;Wolfe and Davis, 1964 homes for the aged affiliated with the Jewish Federation of Chicago; 25 subjects on the waiting list for the twvo institutions; and 40 community residents. The waiting list sample was the criterion group to which the other two samples were matched.…”

“…Cross-sectional studies comparing populations of institutionalized and community-living elderly people have generally shown the institutionalized groups as less well functioning with impaired level of over-all adjustment, a reduced capacity for independent thought and action, depressive mood tone, low self-esteem as well as other negative attributes (Ames, Learned, Metraux, and Walker, 1954;Chalfen, 1956;Davidson and Kruglov, 1952;Davol, 1958;Fink, 1957;Lakin, 1960;Laverty, 1950;Lieberman and Lakin, 1963;Mason, 1954;Pan, 1948;Pollack, Karp, Kahn, and Goldfarb, 1962;Scott, 1955;Townsend, 1962;Tuckman and Lorge, 1952;Webb, 1959).…”