Longitudinal relations between children's exposure to TV violence and their aggressive and violent behavior in young adulthood: 1977-1992.

Abstract

Although the relation between TV-violence viewing and aggression in childhood has been clearly demonstrated, only a few studies have examined this relation from childhood to adulthood, and these studies of children growing up in the 1960s reported significant relations only for boys. The current study examines the longitudinal relations between TV-violence viewing at ages 6 to 10 and adult aggressive behavior about 15 years later for a sample growing up in the 1970s and 1980s. Follow-up archival data (N = 450) and interview data (N = 329) reveal that childhood exposure to media violence predicts young adult aggressive behavior for both males and females. Identification with aggressive TV characters and perceived realism of TV violence also predict later aggression. These relations persist even when the effects of socioeconomic status, intellectual ability, and a variety of parenting factors are controlled.

Exposure to violent video games and aggression in German adolescents: a longitudinal analysis

“…It complements earlier studies conducted with younger children [Anderson et al, 2007;Huesmann et al, 2003] by showing that for adolescents the use of violent electronic games also has a long-term effect on aggressive behavior in the form of physical aggression. There is no indication in the present data that the effects transfer to indirect/relational aggression, which is not commonly addressed by the contents of the games.…”

The Role of Violent Media Preference in Cumulative Developmental Risk for Violence and General Aggression

“…Youth in the highest quartile of risk on a factor received a 1 indicating "risk present" and those in the lower three quartiles of risk received a 0 indicating "risk absent." The use of upper quartiles for determining the presence of risk ensures a high level of risk and is consistent with prior research conducted by established investigators working within this tradition (e.g., Appleyard et al 2005;Evans 2003;Gutman et al 2003;Huesmann et al 2003). These dichotomized scores were then used to create three new composites.…”

“…However, there now are a few well-conducted studies demonstrating these effects. For example, in a cohort of individuals first assessed during middle childhood and then again in early adulthood, Huesmann et al (2003) found that even after controlling parental SES, children's academic skills, and childhood aggression, childhood TV violence viewing significantly predicted adolescent and adult aggression. Similar findings were reported by Eron et al (1972), Huesmann (1986), Viemero (1996), and Christakis and Zimmerman (2007).…”

“…First, extant developmental studies of violent media effects usually involve normative, typical samples of youth from community populations. The Huesmann et al (2003) USA study and the Huesmann, Lagerspetz, and Viemero Finland study (Huesmann et al 1984;Viemero 1996) relied on cohorts drawn from suburban schools and intended to be representative of those communities. Anderson et al (2007) sampled from school populations of rural and suburban children.…”

Are the effects of Unreal violent video games pronounced when playing with a virtual reality system?

“…These features may also favor participants' identification with the game character (Persky & Blascovich, 2006), which in turn has also been associated with increases on aggression (e.g., Huesmann, Moise, Podolski, & Eron, 2003). Wiederhold and colleagues (2003) have also found that immersiveness and realism were highly correlated with two physiological indices (heart rate and skin resistance), and recommended these physiological parameters as objective measures of immersiveness.…”