Longitudinal monitoring of sinonasal and oral bacterial reservoirs to prevent chronic lung infection in people with cystic fibrosis

Mantovani, Rebeca Passarelli; Sandri, Angela; Boaretti, Marzia; Burlacchini, Gloria; Vigni, Veronica Li; Scarazzai, Mattia; Melotti, Paola; Signoretto, Caterina; Lleò, Maria M.

doi:10.1183/23120541.00115-2020

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…S. maltophilia is increasingly recognized as an important cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections, often associated with multidrug resistance [ 29 , 30 ]. A recent study suggests that the oral cavity may be a reservoir for this pathogen [ 31 ]. S. saprophyticus is a primary cause of community-acquired urinary tract infections mainly in sexually active women [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Pathogenic and Opportunistic Oral Bacteria in Early Life: The Role of Maternal Factors in a Portuguese Population

et al. 2023

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In early life, maternal factors are of the utmost relevance for oral microbiome acquisition and maturation. Therefore, our study explored the impact of maternal factors, such as saliva and breastmilk colonization, cardiovascular risk factors (CRF), type of delivery, oral health, and caregiving habits on the prevalence of potential pathogenic and opportunistic oral bacteria in early life. A total of 26 healthy mothers, 23 mothers with CRF, and their 50 children were included and samples (child’s oral swabs, mother’s saliva, and breastmilk) were collected 4 to 12 weeks after delivery and inoculated in selective and differential media for detection of non-fastidious Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria to isolate potential pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria identified by MALDI-TOF MS (414 isolates). Within mother–child dyads, the same species were identified in 86% of the pairs and potential pathogenic microorganisms from the Staphylococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae families were found to be statistically significantly concordant between mother–child samples, particularly in the healthy group. Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia oral colonization in mother–child pairs were associated with the presence of CRF. Breastfeeding was related to the early life oral colonization of Staphylococcus epidermidis in children from healthy mothers and C-section was associated with higher diversity of pathogens, independent of cardiovascular status (p = 0.05). This study reveals the presence of potential oral opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria in early life and highlights the importance of maternal factors in its acquisition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Pathogenic and Opportunistic Oral Bacteria in Early Life: The Role of Maternal Factors in a Portuguese Population

et al. 2023

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“…This observation of high prevalence of sinusitis among children treated for CF is also consistent with the previous studies. 29,30…”

Section: Clinical Manifestations: As Our Findings Attest Typicallymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cystic Fibrosis Diagnosed Using Indigenously Wrapped Sweating Technique: First Large-Scale Study Reporting Socio-Demographic, Clinical, and Laboratory Features among the Children in Bangladesh A Lower Middle Income Country

Kabir

Roy

Habib

et al. 2020

Global Pediatric Health

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Due to lack of robust data on childhood cystic fibrosis (CF) in Bangladesh we sought to evaluate their clinico-epidemiology. A cross-sectional observation was conducted adopting CF-foundation consensus-panel-diagnostic criteria in 3 tertiary-care-hospitals in Bangladesh from 2000 to 2017. Clinically suspected 95 CF-cases were subjected to sweat-chloride testing using locally-developed a fast, cheap and effective indigenously body-wrapped sweating technique measured by US-Easy Lyte-automated microprocessor-controlled analyzer marking ≥60 mmol/L as positive. Mean-age of CF-cases at disease-onset was 16.9 ± 26.6 months that significantly differed with age-at-diagnosis ( P < .02). Pulmonary syndromes included chronic wet cough in 100%, respiratory distress in 90.5%, digital-clubbing in 78%, mucopurulent-sputum in 74%-cases, and crepitation in 82%. Radio-imaging revealed bronchiectasis in 60%, hyperinflation/peribronchial-thickening in 22% and, pan-sinusitis in 89%-cases. While 37% had history-of malabsorption, high-fecal-fat revealed in 53%-cases. Malnutrition prevailed as severe-underweight in 87%-cases and all CF-cases (100%) had high sweat-chloride (mean = 118 ± 53.34 mmol/L). Thus, children with pulmonary features coupled with severe malnutrition and associated radio-imaging bronchiectasis should be screened for CF with a fast, cheap and effective sweat test in resource poor settings.

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“…S. aureus is the most prevalent pathogen colonizing the respiratory tract of young individuals with CF (42). While S. aureus clearly resides in the mucus of obstructed airways (43,44), and are found as bacterial aggregates in CF sputum (31), it also colonizes the CF sinonasal passages (45). Interestingly, S. aureus can invade different cell types, including epithelial and endothelial cells (39,46) and its intracellular form has been associated with infections often refractory to antibiotic treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IntracellularPseudomonas aeruginosawithin the airway epithelium of Cystic Fibrosis lung tissues

Malet,

Faure,

Adam

et al. 2023

Preprint

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RATIONALE: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.a.) is the major bacterial pathogen colonizing the airways of adult cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and causes chronic infections that persist despite antibiotic therapy. Intracellular bacteria may represent an unrecognized reservoir of bacteria that evades the immune system and antibiotic therapy. While the ability of P.a. to invade and survive within epithelial cells has been described in vitro in different epithelial cell models, evidence of this intracellular lifestyle in human lung tissues is currently lacking. OBJECTIVES: To detect and characterize intracellular P.a. in CF airway epithelium from human lung explant tissues. METHODS: We sampled the lung explant tissues from CF and non-CF patients undergoing lung transplantation and analyzed lung tissue sections for the presence of intracellular P.a. by quantitative culture and microscopy, in parallel to histopathology and airway morphometry. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: P.a. was isolated from the lungs of 7 CF patients undergoing lung transplantation. Microscopic assessment revealed the presence of intracellular P.a. within airway epithelial cells in 3 out of the 7 lungs analyzed, at a varying but rare frequency. We observed those events occurring in lung regions with high bacterial burden. CONCLUSION: This is the first study describing the presence of intracellular P.a. in CF lung tissues. While intracellular P.a. in airway epithelial cells are likely relatively rare events, our findings highlight the plausible occurrence of this intracellular bacterial reservoir in chronic CF infections.

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Longitudinal monitoring of sinonasal and oral bacterial reservoirs to prevent chronic lung infection in people with cystic fibrosis

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Potential Pathogenic and Opportunistic Oral Bacteria in Early Life: The Role of Maternal Factors in a Portuguese Population

Potential Pathogenic and Opportunistic Oral Bacteria in Early Life: The Role of Maternal Factors in a Portuguese Population

Cystic Fibrosis Diagnosed Using Indigenously Wrapped Sweating Technique: First Large-Scale Study Reporting Socio-Demographic, Clinical, and Laboratory Features among the Children in Bangladesh A Lower Middle Income Country

IntracellularPseudomonas aeruginosawithin the airway epithelium of Cystic Fibrosis lung tissues

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