Longitudinal Investigation of Methicillin‐Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in Piglets

Weese, J. Scott; Zwambag, Andrew; Rosendal, Thomas; Reid‐Smith, Richard J.; Friendship, Robert

doi:10.1111/j.1863-2378.2010.01340.x

Cited by 60 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…While our findings indicate that CTX-M carriage decreases significantly after weaning, a similar longitudinal study (22) in pig farms in Denmark and the Netherlands showed a significant increase in the prevalence of LA-MRSA-positive animals after weaning. A similar trend was observed in another study from Canada (23). It remains unclear how the three pigs in farm C suddenly became CTX-M-positive carriers in the weaning section and negative again as finishers, while all other pigs included in the farm remained negative throughout the study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Carriage and Fecal Counts of Cefotaxime M-Producing Escherichia coli in Pigs: a Longitudinal Study

Hansen

Damborg

Andreasen

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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c Current knowledge on extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in animals is based largely on cross-sectional studies and qualitative data. The aim of this longitudinal study was to elucidate carriage proportions and fecal counts of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in pigs during the production cycle. At each of three ESBL-positive single-sited farrow-to-finisher pig farms (farms A, B, and C) included in the study, individual fecal samples were taken from 17 to 20 sows 1 week before farrowing and from 2 piglets of each sow's litter four times from birth to slaughter (as piglets, weaners, and finishers). Cefotaxime (CTX)-resistant coliforms in feces were counted on MacConkey agar containing 2 g/ml CTX and characterized for the presence of ESBLencoding genes by PCR and sequencing. CTX-M-positive pigs were detected in all age groups at farms A (bla CTX-M-9 group, compatible with bla CTX-M-14/17 ) and B (bla CTX-M-1 group, compatible with bla CTX-M-1/61 ), whereas only three weaners were positive at farm C (bla CTX-M-1 group, compatible with bla CTX-M-1/61 ). A significant decrease in carriage was detected during the production cycle, with on average 50% carriage immediately after birth, 58% just before weaning, 29% during weaning, and 12% during finishing. The observed reduction in numbers of CTX-M-positive pigs was accompanied by a significant reduction in mean fecal counts of CTX-resistant coliforms from ϳ10 7 CFU/g in piglets to ϳ10 3 CFU/g in finishers (P < 0.001). These findings provide novel information about the epidemiology of ESBLs at the farm level and have important implications for assessments of risks of meat contamination during slaughter.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Carriage and Fecal Counts of Cefotaxime M-Producing Escherichia coli in Pigs: a Longitudinal Study

Hansen

Damborg

Andreasen

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…In contrast, newborn piglets on breeding farms stay with the sow for at least 3 weeks. During this time, the opportunities to be colonized with MRSA via contact with the MRSA-positive sow or environment, or perhaps, via airborne contamination are frequent (28). Consequently, the piglets arrive at the weaner to grower farm or, later, at the fattening farm already colonized with MRSA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Turkey and Broiler Barns and Contamination of Air and Soil Surfaces in Their Vicinity

Friese¹,

Schulz

Zimmermann³

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The emission of microorganisms, especially resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), from poultry farms is of public interest, and its occurrence and relevance are controversially discussed. So far, there are limited data on this issue. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of livestock-associated (LA)-MRSA inside and outside previously tested MRSA-positive poultry barns in Germany. In total, five turkey and two broiler fattening farms were investigated four and three times, respectively. In a longitudinal study during one fattening period, samples were collected from animals, the animals' environment inside the barn, including the air, and the barns' surroundings, such as ambient air and boot swabs of ground surfaces at different distances from the barn. Moreover, a cross-sectional study was carried out once inside the barns on five turkey and four broiler farms during the last third of the fatting period. In the cross-sectional study, LA-MRSA was detected in the air of most barns (7 of 9, 77.8%), as well as in many samples originating from animals, with detections levels of 50 to 54% in broiler and 62 to 77% in turkey farms. In the longitudinal study, LA-MRSA was found in the ambient air outside two turkey barns and on the ground surface on the downwind side of many (44.4%) turkey and broiler farms. The same spa types of isolates were observed inside and outside the barns. Transmission of MRSA within poultry farms, as well as emission via the airborne route, seems to be possible.

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“…Although ST398 is identified commonly in pigs and farming environments in North America [73,[92][93][94][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133], there appears to be a greater diversity of molecular types found on North American farms compared with those in Europe, where ST398 remains the dominant or sole strain of MRSA identified. One study in Michigan found no ST398 present in the pigs sampled [134], whereas the bulk of studies have found a mix of Bhuman^types (such as ST8 and ST5) in conjunction with ST398.…”

Section: Evolution Of La-mrsa In North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Livestock-Associated MRSA and Its Current Evolution

Butaye

Argudín

Smith

2016

Curr Clin Micro Rpt

116

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Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) is a relatively recent phenomenon in veterinary medicine. Although in the beginning it was restricted to a single clonal complex (CC), CC398, it has expanded into several clonal complexes, and the diversity of subtypes in the clonal complexes is increasing also. The prevalence of each type is determined somewhat geographically; for instance, the most prevalent clonal complex in Europe is CC398, whereas in Asia, it is CC9. Although few data exist regarding North America, the situation appears to be mixed there. The SCCmec cassettes detected in LA-MRSA are limited mainly to SCCmec IVa and SCCmec V, although non-typeable cassettes and SCCmec type XI, containing mecC, also have been found.The source of the SCCmec in LA-MRSA was discovered to be animals. In searching from which bacteria the SCCmec cassettes in LA-MRSA have been transferred, the most obvious species to consider are the methicillin-resistant non-S. aureus staphylococci (MRNaS). However, very few data are available from those species in animals, and the data that do exist are not detailed enough to determine the origin. Nevertheless, similar cassettes were found in MRNaS, indicating a possible origin that needs to be investigated further.

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Longitudinal Investigation of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Piglets

Cited by 60 publications

References 20 publications

Carriage and Fecal Counts of Cefotaxime M-Producing Escherichia coli in Pigs: a Longitudinal Study

Carriage and Fecal Counts of Cefotaxime M-Producing Escherichia coli in Pigs: a Longitudinal Study

Occurrence of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Turkey and Broiler Barns and Contamination of Air and Soil Surfaces in Their Vicinity

Livestock-Associated MRSA and Its Current Evolution

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