Longitudinal comparison of low- and high-velocity resistance training in relation to body composition and functional fitness of older adults

Gray, Michelle; Powers, Melissa; Boyd, Larissa; Garver, Kayla

doi:10.1007/s40520-018-0929-6

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, exercise strategies have been largely linked to improvements in muscle mass, strength and quality [24]. In this sense, it has been shown that aerobic training (i.e., Recreational exercise habits such as walking, swimming,…) are as beneficial as resistance trainings for maintaining muscle quality and mitigate functional capacities decline among older adults aged over 60 years [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this sense, our group recently suggested that the initial amount of protein could influence the muscle adaptation (i.e., gains in muscle strength and quality) following an exercise training in older adults [36,37]. Up to now, the effectiveness of resistance training to improve body composition or muscle function (muscle strength, anabolic response, functional outcomes) [24], in combination with or without dietary energy restriction, was not shown to be influenced by the within-day distribution of proteins, when day-to-day protein consumption is adequate [38,39]. However, despite the well-known benefits of HIIT on muscle function, the influence between daily protein intake distribution and muscle adaptation following HIIT intervention in the elderly remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Muscle adaptation in response to a high-intensity interval training in obese older adults: effect of daily protein intake distribution

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Aging is associated with declines in muscle mass, strength and quality, leading to physical impairments. An even protein distribution in daily meals has recently been proposed along with adequate total protein intake as important modulators of muscle mass. In addition, due to its short duration, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been highlighted as a promising intervention to prevent physical deterioration. However, the interaction between daily protein intake distribution and HIIT intervention in elderlies remain unknown. Objective To investigate muscle adaptation following HIIT in older adults according to daily protein intake distribution. Methods Thirty sedentary obese subjects who completed a 12-week elliptical HIIT program were matched [criteria: age (± 2 years), sex, BMI (± 2 kg/m 2 )] and divided a posteriori into 2 groups according to the amount of protein ingested at each meal: < 20 g in at least one meal (P20−, n = 15, 66.8 ± 3.7 years) and ≥ 20 g in each meal (P20+, n = 15, 68.1 ± 4.1 years). Body composition, functional capacity, muscle strength, muscle power, physical activity level, and nutritional intakes were measured pre-and post-intervention. A two way repeated ANOVA was used to determine the effect of the intervention (HIIT) and protein distribution (P20− vs P20+, p < 0.05). Results No difference was observed at baseline between groups. Following the HIIT intervention, we observed a significant decrease in waist and hip circumferences and improvements in functional capacities in both P20− and P20 + group (p < 0.05). However, no protein distribution effect was observed. Conclusion A 12-week HIIT program is achievable and efficient to improve functional capacities as well as body composition in obese older adults. However, consuming at least 20 g of proteins in every meal does not further enhance muscle performance in response to a 12-week HIIT intervention.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle adaptation in response to a high-intensity interval training in obese older adults: effect of daily protein intake distribution

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As mentioned before, many conditioning and strength professionals prescribe exercises based on the available literature, and this led us to discuss some key issues observed in the studies selected for this review study. In this sense, we observed (Table 2) a lack of description of some key variables (14,(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34) in the prescription of RT [contraction velocity (concentric and eccentric phases); number of sets; number of exercises performed during each session; rest interval between sets and exercises during the sessions; rest interval between the sessions]. Other non-randomized studies have likewise observed the same problem (10, 37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Other non-randomized studies have likewise observed the same problem (10, 37). Although Gray et al (14) and Liao et al (33) have demonstrated positive effects of RT, they did not describe the rest intervals used between sets in their research. In addition, we found it difficult to identify the number of exercises performed and the rest interval between the exercises in the otherwise interesting studies conducted by these authors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Do All Resistance Exercise Protocols Improve the Functional Parameters of the Elderly? A Review Study

Almeida¹,

Melo²,

Nogueira³

et al. 2020

Asian J Sports Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context: Aging has been associated with negative changes in the neuromuscular system, significantly impairing the performance of daily life activities. A number of studies have validated functional tests (e.g. timed-up-and-go, gait speed) for the assessment of daily activity performance in the elderly. Thus, it is critical to understand the role of exercise training in this context. The practice of resistance training (RT) has been found to promote muscle strength in the elderly; however, we cannot safely state that any of these resistance exercise protocols would lead to improved performance of functional parameters (e.g. timed-up-and-go, gait speed, getting out of a chair) of this population. To assess the effects of RT on functional parameters of the elderly and to undertake a detailed assessment of the exercise protocols surveyed. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and PEDro databases were used to search the literature. A total of 917 articles were initially selected, of which 10 peer-reviewed articles met the search criteria. Results: In the included studies, the positive effects of RT on the functional parameters of the elderly were observed. The training protocols presented the following characteristics: duration of 12 – 16 - 24 - 36 - 60 - 72 sec and 96 sessions; frequency of 1 - 3 sessions per week; training volume of 2 - 5 sets of 4 - 15 repetitions; 40 - 60 - 90 - 120 - 180 sec rest interval between sets; 40 - 60 - 90 - 120 - 180 sec rest interval between exercises; 24 - 48 - 72 hour rest interval between sessions; 40 - 85% intensity of one maximum repetition; isotonic contractions, contraction velocity (as fast as possible-1 - 2 - 3 seconds to concentric and 2 - 3 seconds to eccentric phases). Conclusions: Although the benefits of RT were observed, it was not possible to determine that any of these resistance exercise protocols would lead to improved performance of functional parameters (e.g. timed-up-and-go, gait speed, getting out of a chair) of this population, given the limitations we found in the research papers reviewed.

show abstract

“…Despite the recommendations of the ACSM, mainly in the last decade, it has been suggested that resistance training with the intention to move as fast as possible the load in the concentric phase, also known as "powerstrength training" or "high-velocity resistance training", might induce greater functional improvements by increasing in a greater extent the power output and the explosive force than slow to moderate velocity resistance training (Gray et al, 2018;Orssatto et al, 2019;Straight et al, 2015;Tschopp et al, 2011). Nevertheless, due to the heterogeneity of the training protocols, study samples, and the length of the interventions, is still no clear which kind of power -strength training can provide better results in terms of physical function and body composition in older adults, and more specifically in older women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of power resistance training program with elastic bands on body composition, muscle strength and physical function in older women

Flández¹,

Gené-Morales²,

Modena³

et al. 2020

Journal of Human Sport and Exercise - 2020 - Summer Conferences of Sports Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a power-strength resistance program with elastic bands on body composition, physical function, and muscle strength in older women. For such purpose, a randomized controlled trial with a pre-post-intervention design was conducted. Thus, 58 healthy, physically independent, sedentary women, aged 65-85 years, were randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 28) or control group (n = 30). Measurements of body composition (total mass, total fat mass, total skeletal-muscle mass, and body fat percentage), isokinetic muscle strength of knee flexors and extensors (at 60º/second and 180º/second), and physical performance (flexibility, agility/dynamic balance, and mobility) were taken pre-intervention and after 20 weeks of a power-strength protocol (light loads at maximum speed) with elastic bands consisting of 42 sessions (including familiarization) of between 80 and 90 minutes, with six exercises per session. The intensity was controlled with the OMNI-RES scale of perceived exertion. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) and covariance (ANCOVA) was carried out. All parameters of physical function, isokinetic strength, and body composition significantly improved (p < .05) in the intervention group, except the muscle mass and the knee flexion strength at 60º/sec, on which no statistical difference was observed (p > .05). All the variables got worsened or did not change in the control group. A resistance program with elastic bands using light loads and performing at maximum speed can reverse the deterioration in body composition, muscle strength, and physical function, and offer significant physical benefits in sedentary older women.

show abstract

Longitudinal comparison of low- and high-velocity resistance training in relation to body composition and functional fitness of older adults

Abstract: Findings from the current investigation support use of resistance training for improving physical function among community-dwelling older adults.

Cited by 14 publications

References 48 publications

Muscle adaptation in response to a high-intensity interval training in obese older adults: effect of daily protein intake distribution

Muscle adaptation in response to a high-intensity interval training in obese older adults: effect of daily protein intake distribution

Do All Resistance Exercise Protocols Improve the Functional Parameters of the Elderly? A Review Study

Effects of power resistance training program with elastic bands on body composition, muscle strength and physical function in older women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About