Longitudinal changes of microbiome composition and microbial metabolomics after surgical weight loss in individuals with obesity

Shen, Nan; Caixàs, Assumpta; Ahlers, Michael; Patel, Kapila; Gao, Zhan; Dutia, Roxanne; Blaser, Martin J.; Clemente, José C.; Laferrère, Blandine

doi:10.1016/j.soard.2019.05.038

Cited by 71 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The author suggested the reason could be the inulin content of the diet promoted growth of the Firmicutes ‐related butyrate‐producing species 67 . Other than the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, the included studies also showed an increase in abundance of proteobacteria , its class gammaproteobacteria , and one of its strain, Escherichia coli , after bariatric surgery 50,65 . This increase in abundance of proteobacteria is consistent with results of a previous study on patients with diabetes and is suggested to be positively related to insulin sensitivity 103 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Targeting bile acid metabolism in obesity reduction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Yeung

Schooling

et al. 2020

Obesity Reviews

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A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted of studies that address the association of bile acid (BA) with obesity and of studies on the effects of treatment in patients with obesity on BA metabolism, assessed from systemic BA, fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) level, and faecal BA. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to 1 August 2019 using the keywords obesity, obese, body mass index, and overweight with bile acid, FGF19, FXR, and TGR5. Two reviewers independently searched, selected, and assessed the quality of studies. Data were analysed using either fixed or random effect models with inverse variance weighting. Of 3771 articles, 33 papers were relevant for the association of BA with obesity of which 22 were included in the meta-analysis, and 50 papers were relevant for the effect of obesity interventions on BA of which 20 were included in the meta-analysis. Circulating fasting total BA was not associated with obesity. FGF19 was inversely and faecal BA excretion was positively associated with obesity. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) modulated BA metabolism, ie, increased BA and FGF19. Our results indicate that BA metabolism is altered in obesity. Certain bariatric surgeries including RYGB and SG modulate BA, whether these underlie the beneficial effect of the treatment should be investigated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Targeting bile acid metabolism in obesity reduction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Yeung

Schooling

et al. 2020

Obesity Reviews

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“…These changes in gut microbiome are also associated with alterations in gene expression, related to specific bacterial metabolic pathways. These changes are thought to result in improvement of metabolic health via alterations of the biosynthesis of short chain fatty acids, as described earlier, and carbohydrate metabolism [156].…”

Section: Alterations In the Gut Microbiome After Bariatric Surgerymentioning

confidence: 87%

“…However, the results are conflicting as their abundance is both increased and decreased after surgery [153]. An overall increase in Verrucomicrobia (Akkermansia) and Proteobacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella) was found in patients following SG and RYGB [153,156]. Abundance of Akkermansia is usually low in patients before bariatric surgery and could be a mediator of the ameliorated glucose metabolism after surgery via Toll-like receptors [156].…”

Section: Alterations In the Gut Microbiome After Bariatric Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An overall increase in Verrucomicrobia (Akkermansia) and Proteobacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella) was found in patients following SG and RYGB [153,156]. Abundance of Akkermansia is usually low in patients before bariatric surgery and could be a mediator of the ameliorated glucose metabolism after surgery via Toll-like receptors [156]. Moreover, feeling hungry is negatively correlated with Akkermansia [158,159].…”

Section: Alterations In the Gut Microbiome After Bariatric Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small intestinal physiology relevant to bariatric and metabolic endoscopic therapies: Incretins, bile acid signaling, and gut microbiome

Olst

Meiring

Brauw

et al. 2020

Techniques and Innovations in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

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Incretins, bile acids and the gut microbiome are involved in the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The incretins glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent-insulinetrophic polypeptide, both influence beta-cell function, insulin and glucose sensitivity, and food intake. Studies have shown that concentrations of both incretins change after bariatric surgery and nowadays glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists are administered as glucose and body weight regulating agents. Bile acids also play an important role in glycemic and metabolic regulation via multiple signaling pathways. After bariatric surgical interventions increase in bile acid concentrations have been observed combined with improvement of metabolic health. It is not clear though, whether this is a direct effect of the altered concentration of bile acids or an epiphenomenon. In addition, alterations in the microbiome are seen in patients with type 2 diabetes and people with obesity. The gut microbiome, probably together with incretins and bile acids, is essential in digestion and nutrient metabolism. After bariatric procedures several alterations in bacterial abundance have been demonstrated with specific bacterial species having different effects on glycemic and metabolic conditions

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“…Library matches for each compound are verified for each sample. Based on prior published works on serum metabolites and bariatric surgery, we focused our analysis to short chain fatty acids, branched chain amino acids, para-Cresol, phenylacetylglutamine, phenol, indoles, tryptophan-related metabolites, N-acetyl-putrescine, glutamate, and phosphatidylcholine [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement in Uncontrolled Eating Behavior after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Is Associated with Alterations in the Brain–Gut–Microbiome Axis in Obese Women

et al. 2020

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Background: Bariatric surgery is proven to change eating behavior and cause sustained weight loss, yet the exact mechanisms underlying these changes are not clearly understood. We explore this in a novel way by examining how bariatric surgery affects the brain–gut–microbiome (BGM) axis. Methods: Patient demographics, serum, stool, eating behavior questionnaires, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were collected before and 6 months after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Differences in eating behavior and brain morphology and resting-state functional connectivity in core reward regions were correlated with serum metabolite and 16S microbiome data. Results: LSG resulted in significant weight loss and improvement in maladaptive eating behaviors as measured by the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS). Brain imaging showed a significant increase in brain volume of the putamen (p.adj < 0.05) and amygdala (p.adj < 0.05) after surgery. Resting-state connectivity between the precuneus and the putamen was significantly reduced after LSG (p.adj = 0.046). This change was associated with YFAS symptom count. Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, and Holdemanella were associated with reduced connectivity between these areas. Metabolomic profiles showed a positive correlation between this brain connection and a phosphatidylcholine metabolite. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery modulates brain networks that affect eating behavior, potentially through effects on the gut microbiota and its metabolites.

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Longitudinal changes of microbiome composition and microbial metabolomics after surgical weight loss in individuals with obesity

Cited by 71 publications

References 38 publications

Targeting bile acid metabolism in obesity reduction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Targeting bile acid metabolism in obesity reduction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Small intestinal physiology relevant to bariatric and metabolic endoscopic therapies: Incretins, bile acid signaling, and gut microbiome

Improvement in Uncontrolled Eating Behavior after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Is Associated with Alterations in the Brain–Gut–Microbiome Axis in Obese Women

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