Longitudinal Changes of Aerobic Fitness in Youth Ages 12 to 23

Kemper, H.C.G.; Verschuur, R.; Mey, Langha de

doi:10.1123/pes.1.3.257

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Flexibility, which was only measured in the Dutch study (4), showed an increase in boys and girls during the whole study period. In these studies (2)(3)(4)(5), V 0 2 max, strength and muscular endurance of the boys were superior to those of the girls in both adolescence and adulthood. The girls in the Dutch study (4) appeared, however, to be more flexible than the boys.…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

Development of muscular endurance and strength from adolescence to adulthood and level of physical capacity in men and women at the age of 34 years

Barnekow-Bergkvist

Hedberg

Janlert

et al. 1996

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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DeveloDment of muscular endurance and strength from adolescence to adulthood and level of physical capacity in men and women at the age of 34 years Barnekow-Bergkvist M, Hedberg G, Janlert U, Jansson E. Development of muscular endurance and strength from adolescence to adulthood and level of physical capacity in men and women at the age of 34 years. Scand J Med Sci Sports 1996: 6: 145-155. 0 Munksgaard, 1996 This study investigated the development of muscular endurance and strength from the age of 16 to the age of 34 and the fitness components at the age of 34 in men and women. A randomly selected group consisting of 220 boys and 205 girls was tested in 1974 and reinvestigated 18 years later. Muscular endurance and strength increased significantly in 4 of the 5 remeasured tests for the men; bench press increased by 58%, two-hand lift by 20%, hand grip by 16% and Sargent jump by 8%. For the women there was a significant increase in bench press and two-hand lift by 25% and 7% respectively, but hand grip and Sargent jump decreased with a few per cent. The hip and trunk flexion test, sit-up, decreased remarkably in both men (58%) and women (78' Yo). At the age of 16 physical capacity was significantly higher in all tests in the men. This was also the situation at the age of 34 except for VOZ max in ml . kgpl . min-and muscular endurance in the back muscles. There were no differences in flexibility between men and women except for less flexibility in the hamstring muscles in the men. The result of the balance test was significantly better in the men.Physical capacity in a wide sense is the ability to carry out everyday tasks, at home, at school or at work with enough energy remaining to enjoy leisure-time activities and to meet periods of unusual strain or disease (1).Most longitudinal studies on the development of physical capacity in boys and girls have been carried out during childhood and adolescence. Only three cohorts, to our knowledge, of both boys and girls, from Germany, the Netherlands and Denmark (2-5) have been followed to adulthood, to 20, 23 and 27 years of age respectively. All three studies (2, 3, 5 ) showed a decrease in maximal oxygen uptake (VOz max) in relation to body weight after the age of 16 to the end of the study period for both boys and girls. In general, muscular endurance and strength in the Dutch and Danish studies (4, 5 ) increased or remained unchanged from adolescence to early adulthood in the boys. In the girls, muscular endurance and strength decreased or remained unchanged for most of the

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confidence: 79%

Development of muscular endurance and strength from adolescence to adulthood and level of physical capacity in men and women at the age of 34 years

Barnekow-Bergkvist

Hedberg

Janlert

et al. 1996

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…The decline with age found in population studies is caused by the process of aging, by a decrease in physical activity and by an increase in body weight, as voz-expressed in l-min-' decreases less. In the only longitudinal population study of changes in vOz-from teenage to young adulthood of which we know, Kemper et al (23) found a decline of 1 ml . min-' -kg-' year-' in both men and women, but they also found very high initial values.…”

Section: Aerobic Fitnessmentioning

confidence: 96%

Changes in physical activity, maximal isometric strength and maximal oxygen uptake from late teenage to adulthood: an eight‐year follow‐up study of adolescents in Denmark

Andersen¹,

Haraldsdóttir²

1994

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Changes in physical activity, maximal .ts i n -Denmark Andersen LB, Haraldsdottir J. Changes in physical activity, maximal isometric strength and maximal oxygen uptake from late teenage to adulthood: an eight-year follow-up study of adolescents in Denmark.A randomly selected group of 88 men and 115 women, aged 23-27 years in 1991, were tested as teenagers in 1983, and then followed-up in 1991. A mean increase of 15% in maximal voluntary isometric strength was found in men, and no change was found in women over the 8 years. Body weight increased 14% in men and 6% in women. Strength in relation to body weight (N . kg-') did not change in men, but a small decrease of 3% was found in women. Strength in abdominal muscles decreased iq blue-collar workers but increased in students. Maximal oxygen uptake ( V , A (ml . min-lkg-') decreased 9% in men and 3% in women. The values in 1991 were 47.9 and 39.5 ml-min-lkg-' for men and women, respectively.Participation in leisure sport activities decreased 1.7 h . week-' in men and 1.2 h . week-' in women. Seventy percent of the men and 74% of the women participated in regular leisure sport activity, which was a marked increase from 8 years before, when only 54% of the men and 57% of the women were similarly active. The overall decrease in V , , in men was due pnmanly to a decrease among blue-collar workers and unemployed men: 19% vs 4% in other occupational groups. Only 20% of the blue-collar workers participated in sport activities for more than 4 h . week.-], and 47% did not participate at all. In women, changes in strength and V , , ,were related to motherhood. Abdominal muscle strength decreased, but arm flexor strength increased in women who had become mothers. Vdecreased 14% in mothers vs 2% in other women. Changes over 8 years in V , , and strength did not relate to changes in physical activity, but a significant relationship between decrease in physical activity and gain in body fat was found in men. Changes in body weight and body fat were the only variables that correlated with changes in strength. None of the observed changes related to changes in V , -(ml . min-lkg-'). For the 23-to 27-year-olds, the level of physical actmty assessed in h . week-' was almost as high in women as in men.

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“…Tracking is the continuation of an activity over time, and it generally decreases as the intervening time increases, as does participation in most energetic activities (Butcher, 1985;Raitakari et al, 1994). While there is tracking of specific activities over even long periods of time, 5 there is significant intra-and inter-individual variability in the amount of time spent in both specific and general physical activities (Butcher, 1985;Kemper et al, 1989;Kelder et al, 1994;Van Mechelen and Kemper, 1995;Anderssen et al, 1996;Pate et al, 1996Pate et al, ,1999Stofan et al, 1998;Kimm et al, 2000). Stability is the maintenance of a person's relative activity level within a group or cohort over time (Lefevre et al, 2000); and evidence exists that both supports and refutes this phenomenon.…”

Section: Introduction: Context Of the Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding variability in time spent in selected locations for 7–12-year old children

Xue

McCurdy

Spengler

et al. 2004

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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This paper summarizes a series of analyses of clustered, sequential activity/location data collected by Harvard University for 160 children aged 7-12 years in Southern California (Geyh et al., 2000). The main purpose of the paper is to understand intra-and inter-variability in the time spent by the sample in the outdoor location, the location exhibiting the most variability of the ones evaluated. The data were analyzed using distribution-free hypothesis-testing (K-S tests of the distributions), generalized linear modeling techniques, and random-sampling schemes that produced ''cohorts'' whose descriptive statistical characteristics were evaluated against the original dataset. Most importantly, our analyses indicate that subdividing the population into appropriate cohorts better replicates parameters of the original data, including the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), which is a relative measure of the intra-and inter-individual variability inherent in the original data. While the findings of our analyses are consistent with previous assessments of ''time budget'' and physical activity data, they are constrained by the rather homogeneous sample available to us. Owing to a general lack of longitudinal human activity/location data available for other age/gender cohorts, we are unable to generalize our findings to other population subgroups.

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Longitudinal Changes of Aerobic Fitness in Youth Ages 12 to 23

Cited by 23 publications

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Development of muscular endurance and strength from adolescence to adulthood and level of physical capacity in men and women at the age of 34 years

Development of muscular endurance and strength from adolescence to adulthood and level of physical capacity in men and women at the age of 34 years

Changes in physical activity, maximal isometric strength and maximal oxygen uptake from late teenage to adulthood: an eight‐year follow‐up study of adolescents in Denmark

Understanding variability in time spent in selected locations for 7–12-year old children

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