Longitudinal changes of ADHD symptoms in association with white matter microstructure: A tract-specific fixel-based analysis

Damatac, Christienne G.; Soheili-Nezhad, Sourena; Freches, Guilherme Blazquez; Zwiers, Marcel P.; Bruijn, Sanne de; Ikde, Seyma; Portengen, Christel M.; Abelmann, Amy C.; Dammers, Janneke; Rooij, Daan van; Akkermans, Sophie E.A.; Naaijen, Jilly; Franke, Barbara; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Beckmann, Christian F.; Sprooten, Emma

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103057

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…However, the presence of atypical CST microstructure in 10 year olds with ADHD who had typical motor function at adolescence indicates that abnormal CST microstructure may have implications for children with ADHD beyond the motor realm. This view is supported by recent work demonstrating that increased FD of the CST in adolescence-early adulthood is associated with a greater reduction in hyperactivity/impulsivity symptom expression across the preceding 3-4 years (Damatac et al, 2022). Taken together, this work suggests that CST microstructure may play a role in symptom expression in children with ADHD, irrespective of motor status.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Adolescents with ADHD and co‐occurring motor difficulties show a distinct pattern of maturation within the corticospinal tract from those without: A longitudinal fixel‐based study

Hyde,

Fuelscher,

Efron

et al. 2023

Human Brain Mapping

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It is well documented that attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often presents with co‐occurring motor difficulties. However, little is known about the biological mechanisms that explain compromised motor skills in approximately half of those with ADHD. To provide insight into the neurobiological basis of poor motor outcomes in ADHD, this study profiled the development of white matter organization within the cortico‐spinal tract (CST) in adolescents with ADHD with and without co‐occurring motor problems, as well as non‐ADHD control children with and without motor problems. Participants were 60 children aged 9–14 years, 27 with a history of ADHD and 33 controls. All underwent high‐angular resolution diffusion MRI data at up to three time points (115 in scans total). We screened for motor impairment in all participants at the third time point (≈14 years) using the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCD‐Q). Following pre‐processing of diffusion MRI scans, fixel‐based analysis was performed, and the bilateral CST was delineated using TractSeg. Mean fiber density (FD) and fiber cross‐section (FC) were extracted for each tract at each time‐point. To investigate longitudinal trajectories of fiber development, linear mixed models were performed separately for the left and right CST, controlling for nuisance variables. To examine possible variations in fiber development between groups, we tested whether the inclusion of group and the interaction between age and group improved model fit. At ≈10 years, those with ADHD presented with lower FD within the bilateral CST relative to controls, irrespective of their prospective motor status. While these microstructural abnormalities persisted into adolescence for individuals with ADHD and co‐occurring motor problems, they resolved for those with ADHD alone. Divergent maturational pathways of motor networks (i.e., the CST) may, at least partly, explain motor problems individuals with ADHD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Adolescents with ADHD and co‐occurring motor difficulties show a distinct pattern of maturation within the corticospinal tract from those without: A longitudinal fixel‐based study

Hyde,

Fuelscher,

Efron

et al. 2023

Human Brain Mapping

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“…Researchers illustrated, that after treatment there was an increase in the stimulus-processing structures in the brain, which is a learning process with direct restrictions on the brain structure. Today, these results are supported by Damatac, et al [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

"You are Never Too Old to Overcome ADHD” - Case Report

Meyers¹

2023

Journal of Psychiatry and Neurology

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Case study about a 57-year-old head of publishing house, who suffered from ADHD with much impulsivity and mood changes, depression and eating disorders as well as persisting primitive reflexes, that worked as catalyst to the above-mentioned symptoms. This case report shows, how it was able to overcome all these conditions in 13 months of combined treatment with LDX in decreasing dosage, Neurofeedback (z-score training) and Reflex Integration Program (RIP®), that have been developed and published in 2021. Treatment results have been continually monitored with the OPATUS CPTa, a test measuring attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Two q-EEGs have been performed, one at baseline and other after conclusion of NFB and several clinical appointments monitoring neurological improvement and psychiatric evaluations in order to continue the decreasing dosage of medication, which was stopped after 10 months of the initial assessment. This case report represents uniquity, because such a quick improvement was not expected in this short time, which would be normal, when treating children with equal conditions.

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“…A recent longitudinal study found that resting‐state functional connectivity within the cingulo‐opercular network over development was associated with psychostimulant treatment in ADHD (Norman et al, 2021 ). Additionally, few recent longitudinal studies in dMRI investigated longitudinal changes of ADHD symptoms with white matter microstructure (Damatac et al, 2022 ; Thomson et al, 2022 ). Damatac and colleagues revealed that improvement in hyperactivity‐impulsivity symptoms over time was linked with more fibre density in left cortico‐spinal tract (CST) and improvement in combined symptoms was associated with greater fibre cross‐section in left CST (Damatac et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, few recent longitudinal studies in dMRI investigated longitudinal changes of ADHD symptoms with white matter microstructure (Damatac et al, 2022 ; Thomson et al, 2022 ). Damatac and colleagues revealed that improvement in hyperactivity‐impulsivity symptoms over time was linked with more fibre density in left cortico‐spinal tract (CST) and improvement in combined symptoms was associated with greater fibre cross‐section in left CST (Damatac et al, 2022 ). Thomson and colleagues reported that greater fibre cross‐section and fibre density in SLF is associated with better sustained attention across ADHD and controls (Thomson et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent longitudinal study found that resting-state functional connectivity within the cingulo-opercular network over development was associated with psychostimulant treatment in ADHD (Norman et al, 2021). Additionally, few recent longitudinal studies in dMRI investigated longitudinal changes of ADHD symptoms with white matter microstructure (Damatac et al, 2022;Thomson et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional and structural brain network development in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Soman

Vijayakumar

Thomson

et al. 2023

Human Brain Mapping

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent childhood neurodevelopmental disorder. Given the profound brain changes that occur during childhood and adolescence, it is important to examine longitudinal changes of both functional and structural brain connectivity across development in ADHD. This study aimed to examine the development of functional and structural connectivity in children with ADHD compared to controls using graph metrics. One hundred and seventy five individuals (91 children with ADHD and 84 non‐ADHD controls) participated in a longitudinal neuroimaging study with up to three waves. Graph metrics were derived from 370 resting state fMRI (197 Control, 173 ADHD) and 297 diffusion weighted imaging data (152 Control, 145 ADHD) acquired between the ages of 9 and 14. For functional connectivity, children with ADHD (compared to typically developing children) showed lower degree, local efficiency and betweenness centrality predominantly in parietal, temporal and visual cortices and higher degree, local efficiency and betweenness centrality in frontal, parietal, and temporal cortices. For structural connectivity, children with ADHD had lower local efficiency in parietal and temporal cortices and, higher degree and betweenness centrality in frontal, parietal and temporal cortices. Further, differential developmental trajectories of functional and structural connectivity for graph measures were observed in higher‐order cognitive and sensory regions. Our findings show that topology of functional and structural connectomes matures differently between typically developing controls and children with ADHD during childhood and adolescence. Specifically, functional and structural neural circuits associated with sensory and various higher order cognitive functions are altered in children with ADHD.

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Longitudinal changes of ADHD symptoms in association with white matter microstructure: A tract-specific fixel-based analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 55 publications

Adolescents with ADHD and co‐occurring motor difficulties show a distinct pattern of maturation within the corticospinal tract from those without: A longitudinal fixel‐based study

Adolescents with ADHD and co‐occurring motor difficulties show a distinct pattern of maturation within the corticospinal tract from those without: A longitudinal fixel‐based study

"You are Never Too Old to Overcome ADHD” - Case Report

Functional and structural brain network development in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

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