Longitudinal changes in global cataract surgery rate inequality and associations with socioeconomic indices

Abstract

Importance Cataract is the leading cause of blindness and the second leading cause of vision impairment. The majority of people with vision impairment reside in low‐resource settings with limited access to cataract surgery and services. Background Cataract surgery rate (CSR) is a proxy measure for eye care service delivery and estimating the burden of cataract disease. This research aims to evaluate the longitudinal changes of CSR inequality globally and by income groups. Design Systematic review. Participants Studies published from January 2000 to December 2015 were considered for inclusion into the review. Methods CSR data were retrieved from a systematic review of published literature (OVID Medline, Embase, PubMed, ISI, Web of Science), unpublished reports and data repositories. Main Outcome Measures Inequality of CSR was measured on a global scale and between countries grouped by income levels using the Gini coefficient and concentration index, with respect to the human development index (HDI). Results Overall, correlations between HDI and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita vs CSRs were observed with R2 values of 49.2% (β = 5.01, P < 0.001) and 38.9% (β = 0.56, P < 0.001), respectively. Analysis of longitudinal CSR data using generalized estimation equation models revealed strong associations between CSR and HDI (P < 0.001), GDP (P < 0.001) and the proportion of people aged ≥50 (P = 0.001). Overall, the trend of inequality in worldwide CSR remained relatively stable. Conclusions and Relevance Inequalities in cataract service provision were found between countries grouped by income and associated with socioeconomic indicators.

Are we advancing universal health coverage through cataract services? Protocol for a scoping review

“…9 10 Disaggregation of larger datasets has allowed analyses of equity in cataract surgery as well, for example, to highlight existing gender disparities in CSC. [11][12][13][14][15] Much less data are available quantifying financial aspects of cataract services. To our knowledge, no existing synthesis of the distribution and quantity of known evidence for the UHC dimensions of cataract surgery has been undertaken.…”

“…Race/ethnicity/culture/language Occupation (Gender/sex) Religion Education Socioeconomic status 12 Social capital (eg, marital status) 27 'catastrophic' and 'impoverishing' spending on cataract surgery according to WHO definitions, as well as other related measures of personal and government expenditure on cataract surgery and service provision (table 1). We will use the PROGRESS acronym 20 to assess equity: Place of residence; Race/ethnicity/culture/language; Occupation; Gender/sex; Religion; Education; Socioeconomic status; Social capital/ networks.…”

Peri-/Postoperative antientzündliche Therapie nach Kataraktoperation und refraktiver Chirurgie

“…Die Katarakt ist die häufigste Ursache einer vermeidbaren Erblindung [1,2] und die Kataraktoperation die weltweit am häufigsten durchgeführte Operation mit allein in Deutschland jährlich ca. 700 000-800 000 Eingriffen [3].…”

Long Noncoding RNA NEAT1 Regulates TGF-β2-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Lens Epithelial Cells through the miR-34a/Snail1 and miR-204/Zeb1 Pathways

“…Cataract is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness globally [1,2]. It is treatable only by surgical replacement of the cataractous lens fiber mass with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL), which has placed a huge health burden [1,2].…”

“…Cataract is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness globally [1,2]. It is treatable only by surgical replacement of the cataractous lens fiber mass with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL), which has placed a huge health burden [1,2]. However, a common complication of cataract surgery is posterior capsule opacification (PCO), which is known as a secondary cataract [3,4].…”