Longitudinal associations between sleep and anxiety during pregnancy, and the moderating effect of resilience, using parallel process latent growth curve models

Abstract

The results suggested that pregnant women reporting anxiety problems should also be screened for sleeping problems, and vice versa, because women who experienced one of these pregnancy-related problems were also at risk of experiencing or developing the other problem.

Perinatal Resilience for the First 1,000 Days of Life. Concept Analysis and Delphi Survey

“…Being resilient during the perinatal period has many positive consequences such as personal growth, family balance, well-being, adaptation, or adjustment (Nichols and Roux, 2004;Callahan and Borja, 2008;Mautner et al, 2013;Elmir, 2014;Takegata et al, 2014;Irwin et al, 2016;Mizukoshi et al, 2016;van der Zwan et al, 2017). Perinatal resilience can play a major role in buffering against antepartum and postpartum depression and anxiety (Takegata et al, 2014;Sexton et al, 2015;Hain et al, 2016;Irwin et al, 2016) and has a positive influence on the quality of life (Mautner et al, 2013;van der Zwan et al, 2017). When perinatal resiliency attributes are absent, some negative consequences may occur such as perinatal anxiety or postpartum depression.…”

“…The origin of the concept of psychological resilience stems from the early psychiatric literature that examined children who appeared to be invulnerable to adverse life situations (Hunter, 2001;Tusaie-Mumford, 2001;Henry, 2002;Pilowsky et al, 2004). A study of Werner and Smith (1982) with 698 individuals, showed that of the children that grew up in poverty or other adverse conditions (e.g., parental divorce, alcoholism, or mental illness), approximately two-thirds of these children developed serious problems as adults.…”

“…A final influencing factor of the perinatal resilience process is personality with a sum score of 14 (Mautner et al, 2013;van der Zwan et al, 2017;Johnson et al, 2018). A common personality trait is optimism.…”

“…Optimism can be defined as the generalized expectancy that good outcomes will occur when confronting major problems (Handelzalts et al, 2016). Optimism is considered as a protective factor against prenatal anxiety (Alderdice et al, 2013;van der Zwan et al, 2017). Other resilience-related personality variables are hardiness, conscientiousness, agreeableness and altruism.…”

“…Future parents with access to resiliency attributes at the time of stress or adversity during the perinatal period have more chances to deal with these stressors in a positive way. In this case, the perinatal period can be a catalyst toward personal growth, family balance, well-being, adaptation or adjustment with a higher experienced quality of life (Nichols and Roux, 2004;Callahan and Borja, 2008;Mautner et al, 2013;Elmir, 2014;Takegata et al, 2014;Irwin et al, 2016;Mizukoshi et al, 2016;van der Zwan et al, 2017).…”