Longitudinal associations between children's dental caries and risk factors

Chankanka, Oitip; Cavanaugh, Joseph E.; Levy, Steven M.; Marshall, Teresa A.; Warren, John J.; Broffitt, Barbara; Kolker, Justine L.

doi:10.1111/j.1752-7325.2011.00271.x

Cited by 52 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The findings of higher 100% juice consumption being associated with lower caries incidence is also consistent with some of our previous findings from this cohort 15 , but it nonetheless merits comment, as does our lack of a significant association between sugar-sweetened beverage intakes and high caries incidence. While both 100% juice and sugar-sweetened beverages contain sugars, and each is cariogenic, there are some important distinctions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Dental caries clusters among adolescents

Warren

Buren

Levy

et al. 2017

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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Objectives There have been very few longitudinal studies of dental caries in adolescents, and little study of the caries risk factors in this age group. The purpose of this study was to describe different caries trajectories and associated risk factors among members of the Iowa Fluoride Study (IFS) cohort. Methods The IFS recruited a birth cohort from 1992 to 1995, and has gathered dietary, fluoride and behavioral data at least twice yearly since recruitment. Examinations for dental caries were completed when participants were ages 5, 9, 13 and 17 years. For the current study, only participants with DFS caries data at ages 9, 13, and 17 were included (N=396). The individual DFS counts at age 13 and the DFS increment from 13 to 17 were used to identify distinct caries trajectories using Ward’s hierarchical clustering algorithm. A number of multinomial logistic regression models were developed to predict trajectory membership, using longitudinal dietary, fluoride and demographic/behavioral data from 9 to 17 years. Model selection was based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Results Several different trajectory schemes were considered, and a 3 trajectory scheme – no DFS at age 17 (n=142), low DFS (n=145) and high DFS (n=109) – was chosen to balance sample sizes and interpretability. The model selection process resulted in use of an arithmetic average for dietary variables across the period from 9 to 17 years. The multinomial logistic regression model with the best fit included the variables maternal education level, 100% juice consumption, brushing frequency and sex. Other favored models also included water and milk consumption and home water fluoride concentration. The high caries cluster was most consistently associated with lower maternal education level, lower 100% juice consumption, lower brushing frequency and being female. Conclusions The use of a clustering algorithm and use of Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) to determine the best representation of the data were useful means in presenting longitudinal caries data. Findings suggest that high caries incidence in adolescence is associated with lower maternal educational level, less frequent tooth brushing, lower 100% juice consumption and being female.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Dental caries clusters among adolescents

Warren

Buren

Levy

et al. 2017

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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“…A number of authors have published prediction models using generalized linear or logistic regression analysis to support their final explanatory model for caries presence. [6][7][8][9][10][11] Relative risk of disease occurrence or absence over time is often quantified using a surrogate measure such as an odds ratio (OR). 5,[12][13][14][15] On the other hand, a statistical strength of association using sensitivity and specificity measures is often used to report an incremental change in caries over time.…”

Section: Caries Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of caries risk assessment in minimum intervention dentistry

Hallett

2013

Australian Dental Journal

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Caries risk assessment forms the cornerstone for the successful application of a minimum intervention dentistry philosophy in the management of dental caries. Patients, particularly those with evidence of active dental caries at baseline, require a caries risk assessment to identify those risk factors that will most likely contribute to the progression of the carious disease process. Once identified, these factors should be eliminated or at least moderated to ensure the disease progression is stabilized before conservative and rehabilitative dental procedures are undertaken. Each individual will present with a slightly different caries risk profile and the principles of a patient centred approach to manage each case should be applied to the individual diagnostic and treatment planning phases of dental care. Current chairside technologies such as caries susceptibility and activity tests can be utilized to provide baseline and follow-up data to assist the dental practitioner in this task. However, clinician intuition or 'gut feeling' has been found to be a better prognostic indicator for future dental caries experience than present caries prediction instruments in most cases. As caries risk data are accumulated and refined at a population, community and individual level, the sensitivity and specificity of the caries risk assessment modelling will improve as will the positive predictive power of the final statistical model algorithm. It is likely that online caries predictive tools will be available for general dental practitioners in the not too distant future to help clinicians formulate accurate caries risk profiles for their patients.

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“…Much research has been conducted about the risk factors of dental caries [de Farias and Bezerra, 2003;Chankanka et al, 2011]. However, the studies were carried out in the field of some oxidative stress indicators in S-ECC [Kumar et al, 2011].…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of Total Antioxidant Capacity in Saliva of Children with Severe Early Childhood Caries and Caries-Free Children

Mahjoub¹,

Ghasempour

Gharage

et al. 2014

Caries Res

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Oxidative stress may play an important role in the onset and development of oral inflammatory and dental decay diseases. The aim of this study was to compare total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in the unstimulated whole saliva of children with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) and caries-free children. In this case-control study, 80 children aged 3-5 years from nursery schools in Babol, northern Iran were the subjects of the study. The S-ECC group contained 40 children with dmfs ≥4 (age 3), ≥5 (age 4) or ≥6 (age 5) and the control group contained 40 caries-free children (dmfs = 0). Out of consideration for growth pattern and general health, the clinical examinations of the chosen children were conducted by a physician. These two groups were age and sex matched. TAC was measured by the FRAP (ferric-reducing antioxidant power) method and total protein in unstimulated whole saliva was evaluated spectrophotometrically. According to the normal distribution of data, statistical tests including the t test and Pearson's correlation test were used; p < 0.05 was considered significant in the difference between the two groups. TAC levels and salivary total protein increased in children with S-ECC compared with caries-free children (p = 0.025 and p = 0.033, respectively). Moreover, salivary TAC showed a significant positive correlation with total protein concentration and dmfs in the S-ECC group (p < 0.001, r = 0.685 and r = 0.902, respectively). The significant increment of salivary TAC in S-ECC may represent a compensatory mechanism against oxidative stress in S-ECC.

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Longitudinal associations between children's dental caries and risk factors

Cited by 52 publications

References 19 publications

Dental caries clusters among adolescents

Dental caries clusters among adolescents

The application of caries risk assessment in minimum intervention dentistry

Comparison of Total Antioxidant Capacity in Saliva of Children with Severe Early Childhood Caries and Caries-Free Children

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