Longitudinal association of dentition status with dietary intake in Japanese adults aged 75 to 80 years

Abstract

Limited information is available on the temporal association between dentition status and dietary intake. The aim of this 5-year prospective cohort study was to investigate whether impaired dentition was associated with subsequent decline in dietary intake in older Japanese adults. Two hundred and eighty-six community-dwelling Japanese individuals, all aged 75 years at baseline, were included in the study. Functional tooth units (FTUs), defined as a pair of opposing natural or prosthetic teeth excluding third molars (range: 0-14), were counted on the basis of baseline dental examinations. Individuals with ≤5 FTUs were defined as having impaired dentition. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline and 5 years later, using a validated dietary questionnaire. Robust regression analyses were used to evaluate the differences in change in dietary intake between participants with and without impaired functional dentition, after adjustment for potential confounders. Sixty-one study participants (21·3 %) were defined as having impaired dentition. Overall, mean values for all estimated dietary variables (energy, nutrients and food groups) declined over time. Notably, individuals with impaired dentition demonstrated a significantly (P < 0·05) greater degree of decline in the intake of multiple nutrients (protein, sodium, potassium, calcium, vitamin A, vitamin E and dietary fibre) and food groups (vegetable and meat) than those without impaired dentition, after adjusting for potential confounders. The results of this study describe the temporal association of impaired dentition with the decline in selected nutrient and food group intake among older Japanese adults.

Periodontitis and tooth loss have negative impact on dietary intake: A cross‐sectional study with stable coronary artery disease patients

“…It has been shown that the total number of natural teeth may influence the dietary intake . In this study, a lower number of teeth was only associated with lower intake of fibers and total energy.…”

“…This may be explained by the fact that loss of natural teeth interferes with the ability to chew properly, and this may lead to greater decline in dietary variety . Notably, individuals with impaired dentition demonstrated a decline in the intake of foods that are more difficult to chew, such as meats, vegetables, fruits and whole grains . The decline in dietary variety may contribute to the lower caloric intake of the diet.…”

Functional dentition, dietary intake and nutritional status in Thai older adults

“…In terms of dietary intake, the three most commonly reported significant associations with tooth loss were those for dietary cholesterol, fibre and potassium . Although greater tooth loss was associated with smaller reductions in dietary cholesterol, contradicting results were found for fibre intake and potassium …”

Combined effect of poor appetite and low masticatory function on sarcopenia in community‐dwelling Japanese adults aged ≥ 75 years: A 3‐year cohort study

“…On the contrary, we previously demonstrated that LMF was significantly associated with poor diet quality in community‐dwelling older adults . Further, we conducted a 5‐year cohort study and found that older adults without functionally acceptable dentition status exhibited a significantly greater degree of decline in the dietary intake of protein, calcium and antioxidant vitamins than those with functionally acceptable dentition status . Based on these findings, we considered that PA and LMF have an adverse effect on dietary quantity and quality, which ultimately lead to sarcopenia development in older people.…”