Longitudinal Association between Sarcopenia and Cognitive Impairment among Older Adults in Rural Malaysia

Ramoo, K.; Hairi, Noran Naqiah; Yahya, Abqariyah; Choo, Wan Yuen; Hairi, Farizah Mohd; Peramalah, Devi; Kandiben, S.; Bulgiba, Awang; Ali, Zainudin Mohd; Razak, Inayah Abdul; Ismail, Nurhuda; Ahmad, Norizan

doi:10.3390/ijerph19084723

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…The relationship between sociodemographic variables and mental health shows that women have a higher incidence of anxiety, and people with fewer years of education have a higher incidence of depression and anxiety. This is concordant with studies conducted in Madrid (2020) on the health of the elderly during the pandemic; there was a high degree of mortality in older adults of advanced age, and economic situation was associated with diseases and loneliness [ 7 , 25 , 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Therefore, by Supreme Decree No. 044-2020-PCM published on Sunday, 15 March 2020, in the official gazette El Peruano, the government declared a state of national emergency due to the serious circumstances affecting the life of the nation as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak [ 7 ]. The government adopted measures of mandatory social isolation (quarantine), restricting the exercise of constitutional rights related to personal freedom and security, inviolability of the home, freedom of assembly and transit in the territory, and access to essential services and goods, with restrictions on commercial activity, cultural activities, establishments, recreational activities, and hotels and restaurants, as well as the temporary closure of borders and reduction in transportation supply.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The population of older adults is constantly growing [ 7 ], which generates serious challenges for medical and social care systems. Older people deserve not only a longer life expectancy but also a satisfactory quality of life during the final stage of life [ 7 ]. The pandemic situation has revealed that older patients are more prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection, a severe disease course and death, which is associated with pre-existing comorbidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Mental Health of Older Adults in the Densely Populated Areas of Tacna Region—Peru, 2021: Implications of the COVID-19 Information

Vargas

Cuellar

Chipana

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The purpose of this research was to analyze the implications of exposure to various news channels that broadcast information on COVID-19 and their impact on the mental health of older adults in the sparsely populated area of the Tacna Region during the year 2021. The present study used a descriptive correlational type of quantitative approach on a sample of 389 older adults aged 60 years and over, who were recruited by non-probabilistic convenience sampling. For the application of the survey technique, the instrument used was a questionnaire modified by the authors. In terms of research ethics for the development of the study, the respondents provided informed consent, and other ethical considerations were addressed. In relation to sociodemographic variables of mental health, it was found that women had a greater incidence of anxiety (p < 0.01) and that people with fewer years of study had a greater incidence of depression (p < 0.01) and anxiety in sparsely populated areas. Exposure to news through television was associated with depression, and news obtained from other people was associated with depression (p < 0.001). An association was also found between the number of hours of television news and stress (p < 0.05), and radio news was associated with anxiety (p < 0.05). In terms of psychological consequences, the highest mean for television exposure was fear, while the greatest psychological consequence of radio news was fear, followed by stress and awareness. Finally, negative, inverse, and significant relationships were found that indicate protective factors, such as depression with awareness and indignation, and anxiety was inversely related to awareness.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Mental Health of Older Adults in the Densely Populated Areas of Tacna Region—Peru, 2021: Implications of the COVID-19 Information

Vargas

Cuellar

Chipana

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Several previous studies have demonstrated the association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment among general population. 12,[18][19][20] They showed that participants with possible sarcopenia or sarcopenia at baseline were more likely to develop new-onset cognitive impairment in longitudinal analyses. Actually, sarcopenia status may constantly change; therefore, these prognostic values for cognitive impairment might also change over time, especially for HD patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐year change in sarcopenia was associated with cognitive impairment among haemodialysis patients

Yang

Yuan

et al. 2023

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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BackgroundOur study aimed to evaluate change in sarcopenia, its defining components over 1 year follow‐up and investigate associations with subsequent cognitive decline, incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia among patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD).MethodsIn the multicentre, longitudinal study, 1117 HD patients aged 56.8 ± 14.3 years (654 men; and 463 women) from 17 dialysis centres in Guizhou Province, China, were recruited in 2019 and followed up for 1 year in 2020. Sarcopenia was diagnosed with Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria using appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) and handgrip strength (HGS). Body composition was measured using body composition monitor; body water, weight, and height were corrected to calculate ASMI. HGS was measured by mechanical handgrip dynamometer. Cognitive function was measured with Mini Mental State Examination. Multivariate linear, logistic regression models and subgroup analyses were employed to examine the associations of changes in sarcopenia, ASMI, and HGS with Mini Mental State Examination score change, and incident MCI, dementia.ResultsFour hundred fourteen (37.1%) patients had sarcopenia at baseline; during 1 year follow‐up, 257 (23.0%) developed MCI and 143 (12.8%) developed dementia. According to changes in sarcopenia, patients were stratified into four groups: non‐sarcopenia; non‐sarcopenia to sarcopenia; sarcopenia; and sarcopenia to non‐sarcopenia. HD patients in sarcopenia and non‐sarcopenia to sarcopenia groups had higher risk of MCI (34.8%, 32.0%, vs. 17.4%) and dementia (20.6%, 19.8%, vs. 8.7%), compared non‐sarcopenia group (P < 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analyses showed that sarcopenia [regression coefficients (β) −1.098, 95% confidence interval (CI) −1.872, −0.324, P = 0.005] and non‐sarcopenia to sarcopenia (β −1.826, −2.441, −1.212, P < 0.001) were associated with faster cognitive decline compared to non‐sarcopenia. HGS decline (β 0.046, 0.027–0.064, P < 0.001) and ASMI decline (β 0.236, 0.109–0.362, P < 0.001) were both positively associated with cognitive decline. Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that patients with sarcopenia and non‐sarcopenia to sarcopenia were both at increased risk of developing MCI [odds ratio (OR) 1.788, 95% CI 1.115–2.870, P = 0.016 and OR 1.589, 95% CI 1.087–2.324, P = 0.017, respectively], but only non‐sarcopenia to sarcopenia was at increased risk of dementia (OR 1.792, 95% CI 1.108–2.879, P = 0.017). Both greater change of ASMI and HGS had lower risk of MCI with adjusted ORs of 0.857 (0.778–0.945, P = 0.002) and 0.976 (0.963–0.989, P < 0.001). Robust associations were found among female individuals, aged >60 years, and with low educational level.ConclusionsLongitudinal associations were observed between new‐onset, persistent sarcopenia, and cognitive impairment. Early detection and intervention should be implemented to delay the onset of sarcopenia and improve cognitive health among HD patients.

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Physical Activity and Cognitive Decline Among Older Adults

Iso-Markku,

Aaltonen,

Kujala

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportancePhysical activity is associated with the risk for cognitive decline, but much of the evidence in this domain comes from studies with short follow-ups, which is prone to reverse causation bias.ObjectiveTo examine how length of follow-up, baseline age, physical activity amount, and study quality modify the longitudinal associations of physical activity with cognition.Data SourcesObservational studies of adults with a prospective follow-up of at least 1 year, a valid baseline cognitive measure or midlife cohort, and an estimate of the association of baseline physical activity and follow-up cognition were sought from PsycInfo, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and PubMed, with the final search conducted on November 2, 2022.Study SelectionTwo independent researchers screened titles with abstracts and full-text reports.Data Extraction and SynthesisTwo reviewers independently assessed study quality and extracted data. Pooled estimates of association were calculated with random-effects meta-analyses. An extensive set of moderators, funnel plots, and scatter plots of physical activity amount were examined. This study is reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPooled estimates of the associations between physical activity and global cognition, as well as specific cognitive domains, were examined.ResultsA total of 104 studies with 341 471 participants were assessed. Analysis of binary outcomes included 45 studies with 102 452 individuals, analysis of follow-up global cognition included 14 studies with 41 045 individuals, and analysis of change in global cognition included 25 studies with 67 463 individuals. Physical activity was associated with a decreased incidence of cognitive impairment or decline after correction for funnel plot asymmetry (pooled risk ratio, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.97-0.99), but there was no significant association in follow-ups longer than 10 years. Physical activity was associated with follow-up global cognition (standardized regression coefficient, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.02-0.03) and change in global cognition (standardized regression coefficient, 0.01; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.02) from trim-and-fill analyses, with no clear dose-response or moderation by follow-up length, baseline age, study quality or adjustment for baseline cognition. The specific cognitive domains associated with physical activity were episodic memory (standardized regression coefficient, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.02-0.04) and verbal fluency (standardized regression coefficient, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.03-0.08).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this meta-analysis of the association of physical activity with cognitive decline, physical activity was associated with better late-life cognition, but the association was weak. However, even a weak association is important from a population health perspective.

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Longitudinal Association between Sarcopenia and Cognitive Impairment among Older Adults in Rural Malaysia

Cited by 12 publications

References 52 publications

The Mental Health of Older Adults in the Densely Populated Areas of Tacna Region—Peru, 2021: Implications of the COVID-19 Information

The Mental Health of Older Adults in the Densely Populated Areas of Tacna Region—Peru, 2021: Implications of the COVID-19 Information

One‐year change in sarcopenia was associated with cognitive impairment among haemodialysis patients

Physical Activity and Cognitive Decline Among Older Adults

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