Longitudinal Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults: A Latent Growth Curve Modeling Approach

Abstract

Objectives: Although the evidence from numerous longitudinal studies has indicated a remarkable change in cognitive function (CF) and depressive symptoms (DS) over time, the parallel latent growth curve model (LGCM) has seldom been used to simultaneously investigate the relationship between their change trajectories. This study aimed to examine whether a change in DS was associated with CF over time using an LGCM.Methods: Data were collected from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey’s 2011, 2014, and 2018 waves. A parallel LGCM examined the association between CF and DS.Results: The multivariate conditioned model’s goodness of fit supported the validity of the longitudinal model (Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.90, comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.96, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.04). The results showed that the CF intercept was positively to the DS slope (β = 0.42, p = 0.004). The CF and DS slopes were significantly linked (β = −0.65, p = 0.002).Conclusion: The findings expand the knowledge about CF’s effect on DS in older adults.

Eight‐year trajectories and predictors of cognitive function in community‐dwelling Korean older adults with cardiovascular diseases

“…This decline in cognitive function is relatively steeper than in previous studies (Gao et al, 2022; Zaninotto et al, 2018). For instance, Gao et al (2022) reported that the cognitive function of the MMSE score in older Chinese aged 65 years with severe symptomatic carotid artery stenosis has declined by 0.13 every 3 or 4 years. Also, Zaninotto et al (2018) showed that each cognitive function domain among older people in England has fallen by −0.04 to 0.06 every 2 years.…”

“…Notably, the average score of cognitive function using K-MMSE was 24.39, and we found a cognitive decline of 0.71 every 2 years in our study. This decline in cognitive function is relatively steeper than in previous studies (Gao et al, 2022;Zaninotto et al, 2018). For instance, Gao et al (2022) reported that the cognitive function of the TA B L E 2 Determining the number of latent subgroups according to the cognitive function trajectories (N = 301).…”

“…This decline in cognitive function is relatively steeper than in previous studies (Gao et al, 2022;Zaninotto et al, 2018). For instance, Gao et al (2022) reported that the cognitive function of the TA B L E 2 Determining the number of latent subgroups according to the cognitive function trajectories (N = 301). older with intact cognitive function (Stein et al, 2012).…”