Longitudinal assessment of family support among homeless mentally ill participants in a supported housing program

Effectiveness of interventions targeting community integration among individuals with lived experiences of homelessness: A systematic review

“…These included permanent supportive housing (PSH; Drake, Yovetich, Bebout, Harris, & McHugo, 1997; Hickert & Taylor, 2011; O'Connell, Kasprow, & Rosenheck, 2012, 2017; Pankratz et al. 2017; Wood, Hurlburt, Hough, & Hofstetter, 1998; n = 6; 28.6%), assertive case management ( n = 2; 9.5%; Pickett‐Schenk, Cook, Grey, & Butler, 2007; Wasylenki, Goering, Lemire, Lindsey, & Lancee, 1993) and critical time intervention (CTI; n = 1; 4.8%). All of these studies evaluated the effectiveness of each intervention on social integration, one on physical integration (Hickert & Taylor, 2011), and none on psychological integration.…”

“…(2014) and subsequently used as modified scale in other studies (O'Campo et al., 2016; Patterson et al., 2014; Stergiopoulos et al., 2016). Other standardised scales used in full or in part to measure CI included: Lehman's Quality of Life Interview (Lehman, 1983; n = 2; 9.5%; O'Connell et al., 2017; Wood et al., 1998); Social Provisions Scale (Cutrona & Russell, 1987; n = 2; 9.5%; Pankratz et al., 2017; Stewart et al., 2009); ASR (Achenbach, 1997; n = 2; 9.5%); Multnomah Community Ability Scale (Hendryx, Dyck, McBride, & Whitbeck, 2001; n = 1; 4.8%; Aubry et al., 2016); UCLA‐LS‐R (Russell et al., 1980; n = 1; 4.8%; Stewart et al., 2009); SCS‐R (Lee et al, 2001; n = 1; 4.8%; McCay et al., 2011); MOS‐SSS (Sherbourne & Stewart, 1991; n = 1; 4.8%; Boisvert et al., 2008); and ASI (McLellan et al, 1992; n = 1; 4.8%; Devine et al., 1997). Although some of these scales were designed to measure constructs other than CI (e.g.…”

“…Permanent supportive housing is a common intervention used to support individuals experiencing homelessness by providing a combination of housing or rent supplements and ongoing supports for independent living during and after securing a tenancy (Henwood, Cabassa, Craig, & Padgett, 2013). Two of the included studies demonstrated effectiveness for social integration (Drake et al., 1997; O'Connell, Kasprow, & Rosenheck, 2017), and one had mixed findings (Wood et al., 1998). In a study evaluating a PSH program designed specifically for veterans that included housing subsidies along with case management (O'Connell et al, 2017), the authors found statistically significant increases in social support post‐intervention including increased frequency of contact with supports, availability of tangible and emotional support, and satisfaction with informal social supports (O'Connell et al., 2017).…”

Homelessness & Health in Canada

“…On the other hand, there were no differences found between consumers in supported housing and consumers in residential continuum programs with regard to increases in self-esteem , improvements in family relations (Wood et al 1998 In terms of employment, individuals living in residential continuum housing had higher than average scores on an employment index and a greater number of days worked in comparison to individuals in supported housing (O'Connell, Kasprow and Rosenheck 2009); however, both groups reported significant increases in the number of days worked in the past 30 days and in their total income. With regard to legal involvement, one study found no significant differences among individuals in supported housing, case management only or standard care .…”

Family Contact and Housing Stability in a National Multi-Site Cohort of Homeless Adults with Severe Mental Illness

“…Few studies have examined the role of family contact and support in improving housing stability among homeless persons with mental illness. Wood et al (1998) examined changes in family support among 316 homeless persons receiving case management services and access to Section 8 housing. At study entry, 32% of participants had seven or more days of contact (defined as in-person, phone, or mail contact) with a family member in the past 60 days.…”