Longitudinal and age trends of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors: The Family Heart Study

Kraja, Aldi T.; Borecki, Ingrid B.; North, Kari E.; Tang, Weihong; Myers, Richard H.; Hopkins, Paul N.; Arnett, Donna K.; Corbett, Jonathan; Adelman, Avril; Province, Michael A.

doi:10.1186/1743-7075-3-41

Cited by 63 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We have previously found that PTSD is widely clinically underdiagnosed in this population [16], so that antipsychotic prescription rates may reflect primary psychotic disorders, but are unlikely used frequently for PTSD symptoms. Further, the magnitude of the effect of PTSD diagnosis on predicting the presence of metabolic syndrome was greater than the effect of age, which has been documented to increase the prevalence of each metabolic risk parameter, as well as prevalence of the overall metabolic syndrome [58]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the detrimental health impact of metabolic syndrome is significant, with an approximate 2.5 fold increase in the odds of developing cardiovascular disease[58]. The magnitude of this risk highlights the public health impact of PTSD, and demonstrates the need for heightened vigilance for and treatment of metabolic syndrome within this population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic stress disorder is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in an impoverished urban population

Weiss

Skelton

Phifer

et al. 2011

General Hospital Psychiatry

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Objective Metabolic syndrome is associated with elevated risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and has increased prevalence in low-income African-Americans, which constitutes a significant health disparity. The mechanisms responsible for this disparity remain unclear; the current study investigated the relationship between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and metabolic syndrome. Method We assessed childhood and adult trauma history, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), PTSD, and the components of metabolic syndrome in an urban population. We recruited 245 low socio-economic status (SES), primarily African American subjects from general medical clinics in an inner-city hospital. Results Trauma exposure was extremely prevalent, with 90.6% of subjects reporting at least one significant trauma, and 18.8% of subjects meeting criteria for a current PTSD. Metabolic syndrome was also prevalent in this population (33.2%), with significantly higher rates among patients with current PTSD (47.8%, p<.05). After controlling for demographics, smoking history, antipsychotic use, depression, and exercise, current PTSD remained the only significant predictor of metabolic syndrome (p=0.006). Conclusions PTSD is associated with increased rates of metabolic syndrome within a traumatized, impoverished urban population. Further studies should investigate if PTSD treatment may reduce the rates of metabolic syndrome, improve overall health outcomes, and decrease healthcare disparities in minority populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress disorder is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in an impoverished urban population

Weiss

Skelton

Phifer

et al. 2011

General Hospital Psychiatry

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“…As such, it is not surprising that the metabolic syndrome's prevalence is higher at older age. In a study that followed 480 families over about 7.4 years (between 1994-1996 and 2002-2003), the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was about two to three times higher in those age 50 years and older compared with their younger counterparts [12]. In an analysis of data from NHANES 1999-2000, Ford et al [13] reported a graded association between older age and a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Prevalence Of the Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 97%

Ethnic, gender, and age-related differences in patients with the metabolic syndrome

Razzouk¹,

Muntner

2009

Current Science Inc

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The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors and is associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and kidney disease. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated differences in prevalence by age, gender, and ethnicity. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome increases with age through the sixth decade of life among men and seventh decade among women. Most, but not all, studies reported a higher prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among women compared with men. Although the metabolic syndrome is more common among Mexican Americans compared with non-Hispanic whites and blacks, among men the metabolic syndrome is more common among non-Hispanic whites than non-Hispanic blacks; the reverse is true among women. Understanding the basic pathophysiology underlying the metabolic syndrome may help explain the age, gender, and ethnic differences in its prevalence and guide preventive and therapeutic efforts.

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“…Although previous research suggests an increased prevalence of hyperlipidemia and hypertension in individuals with gout 33 , the high numbers of services for both groups of employees appear to be an unfortunate reflection of the increased rates of these specific diseases in the overall aging population 35 . The specific diagnostic categories did not allow for a determination of a measure of obesity or insulin resistance, two major components of the metabolic syndrome 23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Metabolic syndrome-related conditions among people with and without gout: prevalence and resource use

Novak

Melkonian

Patel³

et al. 2007

Current Medical Research and Opinion

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Longitudinal and age trends of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors: The Family Heart Study

Cited by 63 publications

References 27 publications

Posttraumatic stress disorder is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in an impoverished urban population

Posttraumatic stress disorder is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in an impoverished urban population

Ethnic, gender, and age-related differences in patients with the metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome-related conditions among people with and without gout: prevalence and resource use

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