Longitudinal analysis of motor activity and coordination, anxiety, and spatial learning in mice with altered blood pressure

Thifault, Stéphane; Lalonde, Robert; Sanon, Nathalie T.; Hamet, Pavel

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02658-0

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is therefore not surprising that clear differences in the levels of activity between the two groups were observed. Studies in a number of species, including drosophila (Le Bourg & Lints 1984), mice (Joyal et al 2000, Thifault et al 2001, beagles (Siwak et al 2003) and rhesus macaques (Weed et al 1997, Moscrip et al 2000, have shown that younger animals tend to be more active than their elders. While cage volume per animal was greater for the pair-housed animals (ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method for activity monitoring in small non-human primates

et al. 2005

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Patterns of spontaneous activity are valuable reflections of well-being in animals and humans and, because of this, investigations have frequently incorporated some form of activity monitoring into their studies. It is widely believed that activity monitoring, alongside assessments of general behaviour, should be included in initial CNS safety pharmacology screening. As the number of marmoset studies having actimetry as their focus, or as an adjunct, is increasing, we wished to evaluate an alternative approach to those commonly used. The method is based on miniaturized accelerometer technologies, currently used for human activity monitoring.Actiwatch-Minis were used to monitor the activity of two groups of differently housed marmosets for 14 consecutive days. Group A consisted of four mixed-sex pairs of animals and group B comprised eight group-housed males. Activity profiles were generated for weekday and weekend periods. The devices captured quantifiable data which showed differences in total activity between the two differently housed groups and revealed intragroup variations in the temporal spread of activity between weekdays and weekends. The Actiwatch-Mini has been shown to generate retrospective, data-logged activity counts recorded from multiple animals in a single arena by means of non-invasive monitoring.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method for activity monitoring in small non-human primates

et al. 2005

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“…The exaggerated cardiovascular response to stress in BPH/2 mice may be due to greater perception of the stress or changes in the central pathways integrating the cardiovascular response. BPH/2 mice appear to be less anxious than controls, based on more frequent entry and greater duration spent in the open arms of an elevated plus/minus maze (Thifault et al, 2001). However, lower activity measurements in BPH/2 mice compared with BPN/3 mice in an open-field test suggest that under certain conditions, BPH/2 mice may be more anxious (Elias and Pentz, 1977).…”

Section: Development and Cardiovascular Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms Responsible for Genetic Hypertension in Schlager BPH/2 Mice

et al. 2019

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It has been 45 years since Gunther Schlager used a cross breeding program in mice to develop inbred strains with high, normal, and low blood pressure (BPH/2, BPN/3, and BPL/1 respectively). Thus, it is timely to gather together the studies that have characterized and explored the mechanisms associated with the hypertension to take stock of exactly what is known and what remains to be determined. Growing evidence supports the notion that the mechanism of hypertension in BPH/2 mice is predominantly neurogenic with some of the early studies showing aberrant brain noradrenaline levels in BPH/2 compared with BPN/3. Analysis of the adrenal gland using microarray suggested an association with the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Indeed, in support of this, there is a larger depressor response to ganglion blockade, which reduced blood pressure in BPH/2 mice to the same level as BPN/3 mice. Greater renal tyrosine hydroxylase staining and greater renal noradrenaline levels in BPH/2 mice suggest sympathetic hyperinnervation of the kidney. Renal denervation markedly reduced the blood pressure in BPH/2 but not BPN/3 mice, confirming the importance of renal sympathetic nervous activity contributing to the hypertension. Further, there is an important contribution to the hypertension from miR-181a and renal renin in this strain. BPH/2 mice also display greater neuronal activity of amygdalo-hypothalamic cardiovascular regulatory regions. Lesions of the medial nucleus of the amygdala reduced the hypertension in BPH/2 mice and abolished the strain difference in the effect of ganglion blockade, suggesting a sympathetic mechanism. Further studies suggest that aberrant GABAergic inhibition may play a role since BPH/2 mice have low GABAA receptor δ, α4 and β2 subunit mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, which are predominantly involved in promoting tonic neuronal inhibition. Allopregnanolone, an allosteric modulator of GABAA receptors, which increase the expression of these subunits in the amygdala and hypothalamus, is shown to reduce the hypertension and sympathetic nervous system contribution in BPH/2 mice. Thus far, evidence suggests that BPH/2 mice have aberrant GABAergic inhibition, which drives neuronal overactivity within amygdalo-hypothalamic brain regions. This overactivity is responsible for the greater sympathetic contribution to the hypertension in BPH/2 mice, thus making this an ideal model of neurogenic hypertension.

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“…Behavioural changes within the adult phase seem to happen more or less continuously and no apparent developmental physiological changes are present in healthy adult mice. Activity measured in a motor activity chamber [ 112 , 113 ] as well as anxiety [ 113 ] and exploratory tendencies [ 114 ] seem to decrease slowly and in a more or less linear fashion. Unfortunately, statistical proof for these observed effects is rare due to a lack of tests on repeatability explicitly done with data of adult mice, although the raw data are often available (e.g.…”

Section: Adulthoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime development of behavioural phenotype in the house mouse (Mus musculus)

2015

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With each trajectory taken during the ontogeny of an individual, the number of optional behavioural phenotypes that can be expressed across its life span is reduced. The initial range of phenotypic plasticity is largely determined by the genetic material/composition of the gametes whereas interacting with the given environment shapes individuals to adapt to/cope with specific demands. In mammalian species, the phenotype is shaped as the foetus grows, depending on the environment in the uterus, which in turn depends on the outer environment the mother experiences during pregnancy. After birth, a complex interaction between innate constitution and environmental conditions shapes individual lifetime trajectories, bringing about a wide range of diversity among individual subjects.In laboratory mice inbreeding has been systematically induced in order to reduce the genetic variability between experimental subjects. In addition, within most laboratories conducting behavioural phenotyping with mice, breeding and housing conditions are highly standardised. Despite such standardisation efforts a considerable amount of variability persists in the behaviour of mice. There is good evidence that phenotypic variation is not merely random but might involve individual specific behavioural patterns consistent over time. In order to understand the mechanisms and the possible adaptive value of the maintenance of individuality we review the emergence of behavioural phenotypes over the course of the life of (laboratory) mice. We present a literature review summarizing developmental stages of behavioural development of mice along with three illustrative case studies. We conclude that the accumulation of environmental differences and experiences lead to a “mouse individuality” that becomes increasingly stable over the lifetime.

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Longitudinal analysis of motor activity and coordination, anxiety, and spatial learning in mice with altered blood pressure

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

A novel method for activity monitoring in small non-human primates

A novel method for activity monitoring in small non-human primates

Mechanisms Responsible for Genetic Hypertension in Schlager BPH/2 Mice

Lifetime development of behavioural phenotype in the house mouse (Mus musculus)

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