Longitudinal analysis of interictal electroencephalograms in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis

Brito, Mariana Rabelo de; Prado, Thiago Santos; Alvim, Marina K. M.; Santos, Lucas S.R.; Morita-Sherman, Márcia; Yasuda, Clarissa Lin; Cendes, Fernando

doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2021.02.008

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…A recent work studied the long-term influence of the progression of hippocampal atrophy, over time, on the dynamics of interictal epileptiform discharges in patients with TLE (Brito et al, 2021). The authors classified the EEGs into four groups:…”

Section: Epilepsy As a Neurodegenerative Disorder: Gray Matter Structural Abnormalities In The Limbic System Associated With Psychiatric mentioning

confidence: 99%

Forced Normalization Revisited: New Concepts About a Paradoxical Phenomenon

Bragatti

2021

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

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The phenomenon of Forced Normalization (FN) was first described by Landolt in 1953, who described the disappearance of epileptiform discharges in the EEG of patients with epilepsy, concomitant with the development of psychotic symptoms. Later, Tellenbach coined the term “alternative psychosis” referring specifically to the alternation between clinical phenomena. Finally, in 1991, Wolf observed a degenerative process involved in the phenomenon, which he called “paradoxical normalization.” Initially, FN was explained through experimental models in animals and the demonstration of the kindling phenomenon, in its electrical and pharmacological subdivisions. At this stage of research on the epileptic phenomenon, repetitive electrical stimuli applied to susceptible regions of the brain (hippocampus and amygdala) were considered to explain the pathophysiological basis of temporal lobe epileptogenesis. Likewise, through pharmacological manipulation, especially of dopaminergic circuits, psychiatric comorbidities began to find their basic mechanisms. With the development of new imaging techniques (EEG/fMRI), studies in the area started to focus on the functional connectivity (FC) of different brain regions with specific neuronal networks, which govern emotions. Thus, a series of evidence was produced relating the occurrence of epileptic discharges in the limbic system and their consequent coactivation and deactivation of these resting-state networks. However, there are still many controversies regarding the basic mechanisms of network alterations related to emotional control, which will need to be studied with a more homogeneous methodology, in order to try to explain this interesting neuropsychiatric phenomenon with greater accuracy.

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Section: Epilepsy As a Neurodegenerative Disorder: Gray Matter Structural Abnormalities In The Limbic System Associated With Psychiatric mentioning

confidence: 99%

Forced Normalization Revisited: New Concepts About a Paradoxical Phenomenon

Bragatti

2021

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

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show abstract

“…The group of researchers led by Fernando Cendes has contributed two manuscripts to this special issue of Seizure. In the first study [20] the authors conduct a careful analysis of the occurrence and temporal permanence of intertical epileptic discharges (EID) both ipsi-and contralaterally to hippocampal sclerosis in people with TLE. They found that discharges that are ipsilateral to HS increase over time while contralateral discharges remain stable, suggesting that contralateral IEDs may reflect early abnormalities and not epilepsy progression.…”

Section: Celebrating the Lasse 15th Editionmentioning

confidence: 99%