Longitudinal analysis of inflammation and microbiota dynamics in a model of mild chronic dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice

Fazio, Luigia De; Cavazza, Elena; Spisni, Enzo; Strillacci, Antonio; Centanni, Manuela; Candela, Marco; Praticò, Chiara; Campieri, Massimo; Ricci, Chiara; Valerii, Maria Chiara

doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i8.2051

Cited by 70 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…We demonstrated that Clostridium cluster XIVa species were significantly underrepresented upon DSS challenge, confirming previous observations in both human and experimental IBD (2,(48)(49)(50). However, oral administration of UDCA or its taurine or glycine conjugates was able to provoke an enrichment of these species compared with placebo-treated mice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Ursodeoxycholic Acid and Its Taurine- or Glycine-Conjugated Species Reduce Colitogenic Dysbiosis and Equally Suppress Experimental Colitis in Mice

Bossche

Hindryckx

Devisscher

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

106

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The promising results seen in studies of secondary bile acids in experimental colitis suggest that they may represent an attractive and safe class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, the exact mechanism by which bile acid therapy confers protection from colitogenesis is currently unknown. Since the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of IBD, and exogenous bile acid administration may affect the community structure of the microbiota, we examined the impact of the secondary bile acid ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and its taurine or glycine conjugates on the fecal microbial community structure during experimental colitis. Daily oral administration of UDCA, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), or glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) equally lowered the severity of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice, as evidenced by reduced body weight loss, colonic shortening, and expression of inflammatory cytokines. Illumina sequencing demonstrated that bile acid therapy during colitis did not restore fecal bacterial richness and diversity. However, bile acid therapy normalized the colitis-associated increased ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Interestingly, administration of bile acids prevented the loss of Clostridium cluster XIVa and increased the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, bacterial species known to be particularly decreased in IBD patients. We conclude that UDCA, which is an FDA-approved drug for cholestatic liver disorders, could be an attractive treatment option to reduce dysbiosis and ameliorate inflammation in human IBD.IMPORTANCE Secondary bile acids are emerging as attractive candidates for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Although bile acids may affect the intestinal microbial community structure, which significantly contributes to the course of these inflammatory disorders, the impact of bile acid therapy on the fecal microbiota during colitis has not yet been considered. Here, we studied the alterations in the fecal microbial abundance in colitic mice following the administration of secondary bile acids. Our results show that secondary bile acids reduce the severity of colitis and ameliorate colitis-associated fecal dysbiosis at the phylum level. This study indicates that secondary bile acids might act as a safe and effective drug for inflammatory bowel disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Ursodeoxycholic Acid and Its Taurine- or Glycine-Conjugated Species Reduce Colitogenic Dysbiosis and Equally Suppress Experimental Colitis in Mice

Bossche

Hindryckx

Devisscher

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

106

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“…This may indicate a mild severity of inflammation in the present DSS model. On the other hand, IL-17 is a delayed-type immune reaction cytokine produced by Th17 and by CD8+ T cells during chronic inflammation [29, 30]. DSS colitis represents an acute model of colitis [30]; this idea supports that we could not detect significant changes of IL-17 expression on the present DSS colitis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Xilei San Ameliorates Experimental Colitis in Rats by Selectively Degrading Proinflammatory Mediators and Promoting Mucosal Repair

Hao

Nagase

Hori

et al. 2014

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Xilei san (XLS), a herbal preparation widely used in China for erosive and ulcerative diseases, has been shown to be effective in ulcerative colitis (UC). The present experiments were conducted to assess its efficacy and determine its mechanism of action in a rat model that resembles human UC. The model was induced by adding 4% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to the rats' drinking water for 7 days. XLS was administered daily by retention enema from day 2 to day 7; the rats were sacrificed on day 8. The colon tissues were obtained for further experiments. A histological damage score and the activity of tissue myeloperoxidase were used to evaluate the severity of the colitis. The colonic cytokine levels were detected in a suspension array, and epithelial proliferation was assessed using Ki-67 immunohistochemistry. Intrarectal administration of XLS attenuated the DSS-induced colitis, as evidenced by a reduction in both the histological damage score and myeloperoxidase activity. It also decreased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, but increased the mucosal repair-related cytokines. In addition, the epithelial Ki-67 expression was upregulated by XLS. These results suggest that XLS attenuates DSS-induced colitis by degrading proinflammatory mediators and promoting mucosal repair. XLS could be a potential topical treatment for human UC.

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“…Microbial dysbiosis in IBD is usually characterized by global reductions in bacterial diversity and changes in the abundances of certain species, including higher proportions of aerotolerant bacteria such as Enterococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae species (66)(67)(68). Notably, a similar change in the intestinal microbiota was found in mice fed normal (low-fat, polysaccharide-enriched) chow (69)(70)(71).…”

Section: Reductions In L Casei Recasupporting

confidence: 49%

Attenuation of Colitis by Lactobacillus casei BL23 Is Dependent on the Dairy Delivery Matrix

Lee

Yin

Griffey

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The role of the food delivery matrix in probiotic performance in the intestine is not well understood. Because probiotics are often provided to consumers in dairy products, we investigated the contributions of milk to the health-benefiting performance of Lactobacillus casei BL23 in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine model of ulcerative colitis. L. casei BL23 protected against the development of colitis when ingested in milk but not in a nutrient-free buffer simulating consumption as a nutritional supplement. Consumption of (acidified) milk alone also provided some protection against weight loss and intestinal inflammation but was not as effective as L. casei and milk in combination. In contrast, L. casei mutants deficient in DltD (lipoteichoic acid D-alanine transfer protein) or RecA (recombinase A) were unable to protect against DSS-induced colitis, even when consumed in the presence of milk. Mice fed either L. casei or milk contained reduced quantities of colonic proinflammatory cytokines, indicating that the L. casei DltD ؊ and RecA ؊ mutants as well as L. casei BL23 in nutrient-free buffer were effective at modulating immune responses. However, there was not a direct correlation between colitis and quantities of these cytokines at the time of sacrifice. Identification of the cecal microbiota by 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that L. casei in milk enriched for Comamonadaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae; however, the consumption of neither L. casei nor milk resulted in the restoration of the microbiota to resemble that of healthy animals. These findings strongly indicate that probiotic strain efficacy can be influenced by the food/supplement delivery matrix. C ertain strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are used extensively as probiotics intended to confer health benefits upon delivery to the digestive tract in foods, beverages, or dietary supplements. Dairy products are the most popular food matrices for probiotic strains, and numerous clinical trials examining probiotic efficacy have used yogurt or (fermented) milks as carriers of probiotics to the intestine (1-3). Comparisons of data from human studies have indicated that probiotic delivery matrices, including dairy products, can influence probiotic intestinal survival and persistence (1). Remarkably, however, only a single human study and a few animal studies have compared the impacts of different carrier matrices or food product formulations on the capacity of probiotics to influence health (1, 2). Evidence from preclinical animal studies indicates that fermented milks might augment probiotic efficacy, although this has yet to be systematically investigated.Probiotics are useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of acute and chronic diseases (4-6). Prevention and reduction of symptoms of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are among the most extensively evaluated benefits (7). Although the pathogenesis of IBDs is unclear, these diseases are characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation and excessive accumulation of reactive ox...

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Longitudinal analysis of inflammation and microbiota dynamics in a model of mild chronic dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice

Abstract: Dysbiosis contributes to the local and systemic inflammation that occurs in the DSS model of colitis; however, chronic bowel inflammation is maintained even after recovery from dysbiosis.

Cited by 70 publications

References 34 publications

Ursodeoxycholic Acid and Its Taurine- or Glycine-Conjugated Species Reduce Colitogenic Dysbiosis and Equally Suppress Experimental Colitis in Mice

Ursodeoxycholic Acid and Its Taurine- or Glycine-Conjugated Species Reduce Colitogenic Dysbiosis and Equally Suppress Experimental Colitis in Mice

Xilei San Ameliorates Experimental Colitis in Rats by Selectively Degrading Proinflammatory Mediators and Promoting Mucosal Repair

Attenuation of Colitis by Lactobacillus casei BL23 Is Dependent on the Dairy Delivery Matrix

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