Longitudinal analysis of depressive symptoms among LGBTQ youth at a social media-free camp

Longitudinal Relations Between Heterosexual Adolescents’ Perceived Exposure to Sex-Positive Television Messages and Their Supportive Attitudes and Behaviors Toward the LGBTQ+ Community

“…Thus, our results demonstrate that adolescents who were more regularly exposed to positive messages about LGBTQ+ are more likely to endorse supportive behavior regarding LGBTQ+ than adolescents who watch positive messages less frequently. These findings generally align with a body of studies suggesting that viewing positive television messages positively relates to the integration of the LGBTQ+ community via heterosexual adolescents’ positive approaches to this community (e.g., Bond, 2021; Calzo & Ward, 2009; Gillig & Murphy, 2016) and partially supports Wright’s acquisition and application hypothesis of the 3AM model (2011).…”

“…Indeed, recent content analyses have demonstrated the increasing promotion of positive messages about LGBTQ+ (Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation [GLAAD], 2021), especially in television series targeted at youth (Maes & Vandenbosch, 2022a). Yet, the literature is limited on socially desirable sexual outcomes of adolescents’ television exposure (Gillig & Murphy, 2016), especially regarding the longitudinal nature of these processes (for an exception, see Bond, 2021). Attention to such positive outcomes will present a more balanced view on sexual media effects, as already shown in the domain of pornography research (e.g., Wright & Randall, 2014; Wright & Tokunaga, 2022).…”

“…Following the tenets of Wright’s (2011) 3AM model, such positive television messages may then potentially impact heterosexual adolescents’ ally attitudes, reflected by a respectful approach to different sexual expressions. A limited body of studies hint at this socializing process with cross-sectional (e.g., Bond & Compton, 2015; Calzo & Ward, 2009; Gillig & Murphy, 2016) and experimental research (e.g., Bonds-Raacke et al, 2007) demonstrating that television viewing fosters young viewers’ acceptance of homosexuality and support of LGBTQ+. To illustrate, the research of Bond and Compton (2015) demonstrated a positive relationship between emerging adults’ exposure to on-screen gay characters and gay equality endorsement.…”

Development and preliminary validation of the Sexual Minority Adolescent Stress Inventory-Short Form.

“…The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Short Form (Melchior et al, 1993;α = .84) has been successfully used in previous studies with sexual minority youth (e.g., Gillig, 2020; SCHRAGER, MAMEY, RUSOW, AND GOLDBACH Rhoades et al, 2018) is composed of four items identifying the frequency of depressive symptoms during the past week. A 4-point Likert-type scale is used to measure each question, ranging from 0 (rarely or none of the time) to 3 (most or all of the time).…”