Longer‐term outcome of acute pancreatitis: 5 years follow‐up

Abstract

Background and Aim Following an index episode of acute pancreatitis, sometimes the inflammation subsides completely, but sometimes inflammation persists and progresses to chronic pancreatitis, which may be or may not be preceded by recurrent acute pancreatitis. Some patients may also develop diabetes mellitus. There is only limited information on the longer‐term outcome of patients with acute pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the longer‐term consequences of acute pancreatitis in the form of the development of recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, diabetes, or pancreatic carcinoma. Methods The index study included 122 patients who presented with their first episode of acute pancreatitis. This retrospective, cross‐sectional survey was performed 5 years after the index episode. Results Of the 122 patients, 96 were available for follow‐up while 4 were known to have died (one from pancreatic cancer). On reassessment after 5 years, 28 of 96 patients had further episodes of pancreatitis. Fifteen patients were diagnosed as having recurrent acute pancreatitis, 13 patients were diagnosed as having chronic pancreatitis, while 17 developed new‐onset diabetes. Recurrent acute pancreatitis was more common in younger patients, while chronic pancreatitis was associated with alcohol abuse and a more severe index episode. The development of diabetes was more common with advanced age. Conclusions In this study, a good proportion of patients progressed to chronic pancreatitis and diabetes within 5 years after surviving acute pancreatitis.

The risk of recurrent pancreatitis after first episode of acute pancreatitis in relation to etiology and severity of disease: A systematic review, meta‐analysis and meta‐regression analysis

“…After reviewing the full text of the remaining 66 articles, 24 more articles were excluded (22 articles included patients who had more than one previous episodes of pancreatitis; two studies included the same population as one of the eligible studies). Consequently, 42 studies 8,9,14–53 (32 retrospective cohort, 8 prospective cohort, and 2 randomized controlled trials) including a total of 57 815 patients were eligible for inclusion. The study flow chart is shown in Figure 1.…”

Risk factors for diabetes mellitus after acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…We found a significantly greater odds of developing PD/DM with necrotizing AP [OR: 5.53; CI: 1.59–19.21; ( 22 , 31 , 46–48 )] and a statistically non-significant tendency with DM [OR: 3.09; CI: 0.98–9.72; ( 24 , 30 , 36 , 40 , 41 , 49 , 50 )] compared to non-necrotizing AP ( Figure 4 ). Sensitivity analysis revealed that leaving out Takeyama ( 24 ) from the analysis would lead to a statistically significant OR (4.17; CI: 2.08–8.37) of developing DM in AP patients who had necrosis compared to its absence ( Supplementary Figure S28 ).…”

“…Similarly, only a statistically non-significant tendency could be observed in case of any organ failure (regardless of organ and duration of impairment) and DM [OR: 3.19; CI: 0.55–18.64; ( 36 , 40 , 45 , 52 )] or PD/DM [OR: 2.14; CI: 0.51–9.06; ( 31 , 32 , 46 ); Figure 4 ].…”

Circ_0000284 Promoted Acute Pancreatitis Progression through the Regulation of miR‐10a‐5p/Wnt/β‐Catenin Pathway

“…Alcoholism, gallstones, pancreatic duct obstruction and gene mutation are the main factors leading to AP [3,4] . Current treatment interventions have largely improved the outcome of AP patients, but the long‐term survival of patients with AP remains a concern [5] . Therefore, it is necessary to further clarify the pathogenesis and development of AP.…”