Long-term vaccine efficacy of a 2-dose varicella vaccine in China from 2011 to 2021: A retrospective observational study

Shu, Mingming; Zhang, Dandan; Ma, Rui; Yang, Tianchi; Pan, Xiangqiang

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1039537

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…In this real-world vaccine effectiveness study, the half dose (single dose) showed a vaccine effectiveness of 56% and the full dose (double dose) varicella vaccination showed an 87% vaccine effectiveness against varicella infection. These results are comparable to the vaccine efficacy ranging from 87% to 95% that has been reported from randomized controlled trials [18,[28][29][30][31][32] and the 84% to 98% reported from real-world studies [2,16,31,32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Real-World Effectiveness of the Varicella Vaccine among Children and Adolescents in Qatar: A Case–Control Study

Bibi,

Nawaz,

Al Kurbi

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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Background: Despite the availability of a highly efficacious vaccine, varicella outbreaks are still being reported globally. In this study, we evaluated the real-world effectiveness of varicella vaccination among children between the ages of 1 and 18 years old during the period 2017 to 2019 in Qatar. Methods: A matched case–control study was conducted that included all reported varicella-infected children who visited the primary healthcare system in Qatar from January 2017 to December 2019. The cases were children under the age of 18 years who were clinically diagnosed with varicella. The controls were of the same age, who visited the Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) during 2017–2019 with a skin rash where varicella infection was ruled out. The data on varicella vaccination for each participant were obtained from the electronic database in the PHCC during the study period. Results: We included 862 cases of varicella and 5454 matched controls, with a median age of 8 years (IQR 3–12); 47.4% were female and almost 50% were of Qatari nationality. The year 2019 had the highest varicella infection count with a total of 416 cases. The cases were less likely to be vaccinated against varicella, with approximately a quarter (25.6%) of cases and 36.7% of the controls having either one or two doses of the vaccine (p < 0.001). Compared to not being vaccinated, a single dose vaccination showed a 56% reduction in the odds of varicella infection [OR 0.44, 95% CI: 0.34–0.55; p < 0.000], and a two-dose vaccination showed an 86% reduction in the odds of varicella infection [OR 0.13, 95% CI: 0.06–0.29; p < 0.000]. Conclusion: In this multicultural setting, a two-dose varicella vaccination shows reasonable protection against varicella infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Real-World Effectiveness of the Varicella Vaccine among Children and Adolescents in Qatar: A Case–Control Study

Bibi,

Nawaz,

Al Kurbi

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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“…The results showed that the average coverage rate of the one-dose or first-dose VarV was 96.23% in 2013-2018 birth cohorts and that of a second-dose VarV was 86.06% in 2013-2015 birth cohorts after the introduction of the two-dose VarV program, which is higher than that in other areas of China [28][29][30][31]. The varicella incidence decreased by 45.25% after one year of the two-dose VarV immunization program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Impact of Varicella Immunization and Public Health and Social Measures on Varicella Incidence: Insights from Surveillance Data in Shanghai, 2013–2022

Shi,

Lu,

Sun

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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To evaluate the impact of a two-dose VarV program on varicella incidence among the whole population, considering the influence of public health and social measures (PHSMs), we extracted surveillance data on varicella cases during 2013–2022 in Minhang, Shanghai. Then, we estimated the incidence trend of varicella through interrupted time-series analyses and quantified the impact of the immunization program and PHSMs using Serfling regression. We also explored the associations between PHSMs and varicella cases. The implementation of the two-dose VarV strategy was followed by a significant decrease in varicella incidence (−1.84% per month). After one year of the program, varicella incidence was estimated at a 45.25% reduction, which was higher in children (59.12% and 54.09%) than in adults (19.49%). The decrease attributed to PHSMs was 31.26% during 2020–2022, and school closing was identified as the most relevant PHSM (b = −8.03 cases, r = −0.67 with a 1-week lag). These findings indicate that the two-dose immunization program has more effectively reduced the varicella incidence compared with the one-dose vaccine, and interventions like school closings are also encouraged to serve as supplementary measures to prevent varicella epidemics.

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“…It is also the cause of breakthrough cases. The Shu study showed that 26 the age at the second vaccination and the interval between two doses affected the VE of 2-dose vaccine, and the shorter the two doses intervals, the better the effect of the vaccine, and could reduce breakthrough varicella and outbreaks in preschool. In other words, the VE of two doses of varicella in vaccine recipients receiving vaccines at <4 years of age was higher than that of vaccine recipients injecting vaccines at ≥4 years of age, whether the interval between the two vaccine doses was >24 months, suggesting that the second dose of varicella could be given as soon as possible when the vaccination interval meets the basic requirements of the interval was more than 3 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of varicella and breakthrough case from 2014 to 2022 in Qingyang City

Liu

Lin

et al. 2023

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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We analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella and breakthrough cases in Qing Yang City, Gansu Province, and provide a basis for the formulation of varicella prevention and control policies. Varicella and breakthrough cases, public health emergency events in Qing Yang City during 2014–2022 were obtained from the China Disease Prevention and Control information System, and the immunization history of the cases were collected from the Gansu Provincial Immunization Planning Information System, descriptive epidemiological analysis of the obtained information was then performed. A total of 6961 cases of varicella were reported in Qing Yang City from 2014 to 2022, yielding an annual incidence of 36.99 cases per 100 000 population. The incidence increased from 19.74/100,000 in 2014 to 35.97/100,000 in 2022; the incidence peaks were observed from May to July and from November to January of the next year. The reported incidence is higher in males (37.70/100,000) than in females (31.54/100,000), and the main age groups were 4 ~ 6 years old (241.98/100,000), 7 ~ 9 years old (142.39/100,000), 10 ~ 14 years old (101.99/100,000). There were 1975 breakthrough cases, accounting for 28.4% of the total reported cases; the majority of patients were students, children in nursery care and scattered children; a total of 10 outbreaks of varicella were reported in primary schools (40.0%), secondary schools (30.0%), kindergartens (20.0%) and high schools (10.0%). The incidence of varicella showed an increasing trend, children and students are high-risk population. It is suggested that varicella vaccine should be included into the immunization program, and the vaccination rate of two-dose of varicella vaccine should be increased for age-eligible children, and varicella surveillance should be strengthened.

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Long-term vaccine efficacy of a 2-dose varicella vaccine in China from 2011 to 2021: A retrospective observational study

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Real-World Effectiveness of the Varicella Vaccine among Children and Adolescents in Qatar: A Case–Control Study

Real-World Effectiveness of the Varicella Vaccine among Children and Adolescents in Qatar: A Case–Control Study

Impact of Varicella Immunization and Public Health and Social Measures on Varicella Incidence: Insights from Surveillance Data in Shanghai, 2013–2022

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of varicella and breakthrough case from 2014 to 2022 in Qingyang City

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