Long-term unemployment in Poland in the years 1995-2007

Abstract

<jats:p>This study analyses trends in the long-term unemployment in Poland, as well as its structure and macroeconomic importance for both equilibrium unemployment and the efficacy of anti-inflationary policy. It combines a theoretical part with discussion based on the statistics on the Polish economy for recent years. As shown by the theoretical analysis, long-term unemployment weakly eases wage pressure exerted by workers, so a larger percentage of the long-term unemployed lifts equilibrium unemployment to a higher level and makes anti-inflationary policy less effective. The empirical analyses of the Polish economy indicate that the duration of unemployment is a factor that significantly shapes the probability of finding a job. The hypothesis that the rates of worker flows from the stock of unemployment to the stock of employment are much lower in the case of the long-term unemployed persons than for the short-term unemployed has been corroborated. The statistical data on the Polish economy show that the country’s long-term unemployment is relatively large. To curb the negative macroeconomic impacts of this type of unemployment, its scale needs to be reduced. It is also necessary to increase the rate of long-term unemployed workers using the active labour market programmes.</jats:p>

Socioeconomic aspects of long-term unemployment in the context of the ageing population of Europe: the case of Poland

“…In summary, the results presented in this article, the results of earlier studies (Kwiatkowski & Kucharski, 2009) and the results of studies carried out immediately after the transformation period in Poland (G ora & Schmidt, 1998) indicate that some features of the labour market in Poland remain constant. It follows from all the aforementioned studies that married women or women caring for children, and the leasteducated people encounter major difficulties in getting out of long-term unemployment.…”

“…Other studies also indicate that L.T.U. is mainly a problem for females (Kwiatkowski & Kucharski, 2009). Our analysis reveals that, in the case of women, leaving unemployment becomes difficult after approximately three years from the beginning of the unemployment period.…”

“…Also other earlier studies on worker flow indicators from the unemployment to employment in Poland show that their values are much lower in the case of L.T.U. people than in the case of short-term unemployed people (Kwiatkowski & Kucharski, 2009).…”

“…The obtained results are in conformity with the results of other previous surveys for Poland. In the article by Kwiatkowski and Kucharski (2009), on the basis of the structures of short-term unemployment and L.T.U. with respect to the duration of employment in the last workplace, it has been found that the number of years worked affects the duration of both of these states in a similar manner.…”

“…In the same article, the authors point out that it is the most difficult for the youngest (under 35 years) to get out of unemployment. It should be noted that the conclusions presented in the article by Kwiatkowski and Kucharski (2009) were based on the logistic regression model, and therefore they do not take into account the duration of L.T.U. for individual people.…”