Long-term trends of seasonal dusty day characteristics—West Iran

Sarraf, Behrooz Sari; Rasouli, Ali; Mohammadi, Gh. H.; Sadr, Atefeh Hoseini

doi:10.1007/s12517-016-2589-1

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Statistical correlation analysis was conducted to explain the mechanisms of these variabilities in dust activity. The results show dust events occur more frequently in spring (March-May) and summer (March-August) than in other seasons, which is consistent with previous studies (Alizadeh-Choobari et al, 2016;Sarraf et al, 2016). The high interannual variability of the dust day frequency (DDF) is also found in spring and summer, with standard deviations of 10% and 13%, respectively.…”

Section: Interannual Variability Of Spring Dust Activitiessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The regional mean precipitation, wind speed and maximum wind speed are also shown in Figure 3(a) to illustrate the reasons for the seasonal variations in the DDF. The observations show that 75% of yearly dust events occur in the months of March to August when the monthly DDF is above 15%, which is consistent with previous studies (Alizadeh-Choobari et al, 2016;Doabi, Afyuni, & Karami, 2017;Nabavi et al, 2016;Sarraf, Rasouli, Mohammadi, & Sadr, 2016). The DDF is lowest in December (4%), and after January, it begins to increase and peaks in June and July (33%), followed by a decrease from August to December.…”

Section: Reanalysis Datasupporting

confidence: 91%

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Interannual variations of dust activity in western Iran and their possible mechanisms

Kamal

Lin

2019

Big Earth Data

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Through an analysis of station observations and reanalysis data, in this study, we investigate the variations of dust activity during 1979-2015 in western and southwestern Iran and their associated mechanisms. The dust day frequency (DDF) is used to identify dust activities. The results show larger interannual variabilities in the DDF in spring and summer, with standard deviations (σ) of 10% and 13%, respectively. Correlation analyses reveal that the interannual variability of DDF in western Iran is largely regulated by wind speed, precipitation and soil moisture in the region. The regional mean spring (March-May) DDF shows strong negative correlations with spring precipitation (correlation coefficient R = −0.5) and soil moisture (R = −0.6) over western to southwestern Iran, but strong positive correlations between the springtime DDF and surface winds can be found with the R reaching 0.4-0.6. Dust activity in the summer dry season (June-August) is mainly associated with surface winds over southwestern Iran, especially in regions near the Persian Gulf, where the R between the DDF and surface winds reaches 0.5. Meanwhile, the summer DDF also shows strong negative correlations (R < −0.4) with soil moisture of the top layer in the middle to southern part of the region. These results highlight the key roles of wind speed, precipitation and soil moisture in determining the interannual variation of dust activities in western and southwestern Iran.

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Section: Interannual Variability Of Spring Dust Activitiessupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Reanalysis Datasupporting

confidence: 91%

Interannual variations of dust activity in western Iran and their possible mechanisms

Kamal

Lin

2019

Big Earth Data

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“…A more precise look through the long‐term mean annual and monthly values and also the time series of CC shows that a great proportion of ASR S at the station Ahvaz originates from CSR S which may vary as a result of increase/decrease in the amount of aerosols. Recent studies with respect to aerosols show that dust and sand storms are frequent in the southwest of Iran (Cao et al, ; Sarraf et al, ; Middleton, ) and the highest amounts of aerosols is mostly observed during summer (Maleki et al, ). This is mainly caused by sand and dust storms blowing from eastern Syria and Iraq (Shahsavani et al, ; Amanollahi et al, ), in addition to the dust activities originating from severe soil degradation in the Hoor‐Al‐Howizeh/Al‐Azim marshes, which is mainly located in the Khuzestan province, in the southwest of Iran (Cao et al, ) and has dried up as a consequence of several factors such as droughts, climate change, dam construction projects, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimming in Iran since the 2000s and the potential underlying causes

Jahani

Dinpashoh

Wild

2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…Meanwhile, Western Iraq and Syria, Lebanon, northern Saudi Arabia, and southern Egypt experience the highest frequency of dust storms in spring 28 . The results of several studies indicate that the highest frequency of dust storms in Iran is in summer, followed by spring 21 , 29 – 32 . Mobark Hassan and Alizadeh also highlight substantial diurnal, seasonal, and interannual variations in the frequency of dust events in southwestern Iran 33 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative importance of dust sources that influence western Iran has not been well addressed in previous studies 17 , 18 , 20 , 23 . In some other studies, seasonal variation in the frequency of dust events in Iran has been investigated 21 , 29 – 33 , while seasonal variation in the activity of dust sources that influence Iran is lacking. As such, we have investigated seasonal variation in the activity of dust sources that influence western Iran in recent decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust in Western Iran: the emergence of new sources in response to shrinking water bodies

Beyranvand,

Azizi,

Alizadeh

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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We detected sources of dust in the Middle East that contribute to dust events in Western Iran in different seasons. By the analysis of the synoptic data, we identified 309 dusty days in Western Iran during the period 2000–2016. A dusty day is diagnosed if under low horizontal visibility (< 1 km), the dust in suspension is reported at least once a day in at least three synoptic stations. We identified dust sources in the Middle East based on the analysis of the MOD04L2 data from MODIS, the backward HYSPLIT trajectory model, and synoptic conditions. The most influential sources affecting Western Iran are located on the shore and northwest of Lake Tharthar, Hour-al-Azim Marsh, the shore of Razzaza, Habbaniyah Lakes, and West Hammar Marsh, which contributed to 110, 79, 59, 56, and 51 dusty days, respectively. The fluctuation of the surface water area largely contributes to the variability of dusty days in Western Iran. Indeed, the peak dust activity in Western Iran was during the period 2008–2012 in response to the substantial shrinkage of the main water bodies in Iraq. The main sources of dust influencing Western Iran are located in northern and eastern Saudi Arabia in spring, Deir ez-Zur in Syria’s Aleppo and Raqqa in summer, and Syria’s Homs and Al-Hasakah in winter and spring. Sources of dust in Western Iraq and in most parts of entire Iraq have, respectively, led to the formation of summer and spring dust events in Western Iran. Decreased precipitation in the Middle East from autumn 2007 to 2012 and the occurrence of severe droughts have also contributed to the shrinkage of lakes and wetlands, as well as the reduced agricultural productivity in the Middle East, all of which contributed to the intensification of dust activity in Western Iran in recent decades.

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Long-term trends of seasonal dusty day characteristics—West Iran

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Interannual variations of dust activity in western Iran and their possible mechanisms

Interannual variations of dust activity in western Iran and their possible mechanisms

Dimming in Iran since the 2000s and the potential underlying causes

Dust in Western Iran: the emergence of new sources in response to shrinking water bodies

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