Long-term trends of greenhouse gases in regional and background events observed during 1998–2004 at Yonagunijima located to the east of the Asian continent

Tsutsumi, Yukitomo; Mori, Kazumasa; Ikegami, Masaaki; Tashiro, Terumasa; Tsuboi, Kazuhiro

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.04.036

Cited by 60 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The performance of the model during spring 2001 is evaluated with hourly observational data for surface O 3 from 10 measurement sites in the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET) (Network Center for EANET, 2005) and with O 3 and CO from four World Meteorological Organization/Global Atmosphere Watch (WMO/GAW) stations (Tsutsumi et al, 2006). The location of these measurement sites is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Model and Evaluation Against Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of regional and intercontinental transport to surface ozone in the Tokyo area

2011

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Abstract. Japan lies downwind of the Asian continent and for much of the year air quality is directly influenced by emissions of ozone precursors over these heavily-populated and rapidly-industrializing regions. This study examines the extent to which oxidant transport from regional and distant anthropogenic sources influences air quality in Japan in springtime, when these contributions are largest. We find that European and North American contributions to surface ozone over Japan in spring are persistent, averaging 3.5±1.1 ppb and 2.8±0.5 ppb respectively, and are greatest in cold continental outflow conditions following the passage of cold fronts. Contributions from China are larger, 4.0±2.8 ppb, and more variable, as expected for a closer source region, and are generally highest near cold fronts preceding the influence of more distant sources. The stratosphere provides a varying but ever-present background of ozone of about 11.2±2.5 ppb during spring. Local sources over Japan and Korea have a relatively small impact on mean ozone, 2.4±7.6 ppb, but this masks a strong diurnal signal, and local sources clearly dominate during episodes of high daytime ozone. By examining the meteorological mechanisms that favour transport from different source regions, we demonstrate that while maximum foreign influence generally does not occur at the same time as the greatest buildup of oxidants from local sources, it retains a significant influence under these conditions. It is thus clear that while meteorological boundaries provide some protection from foreign influence during oxidant outbreaks in Tokyo, these distant sources still make a substantial contribution to exceedance of the Japanese ozone air quality standard in springtime.

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Section: Model and Evaluation Against Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of regional and intercontinental transport to surface ozone in the Tokyo area

2011

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“…Although the island is located at the same latitude as MNM, YON is situated immediately downwind of the Asian continent ( Fig. 1), thus frequently influenced by the polluted air masses from Asia (Tsutsumi et al, 2006). Since the island is small, lightly populated and has little traffic, the local influence on the measurements is not significant as reported by the trajectory analysis .…”

Section: Sampling Sitesmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…In addition, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) has been simultaneously measuring atmospheric concentrations of trace gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and ozone (O 3 ) at the same sites for more than a decade (Tsutsumi et al, 2006;Wada et al, 2007Wada et al, , 2011. Wada et al (2011) showed that the combustion-related enhancement ratio of CO to CO 2 observed at these sites depended on the emission ratio of CO to CO 2 in East Asia.…”

Section: A Wada Et Al: Evaluation Of Anthropogenic Emissions Of Carmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of anthropogenic emissions of carbon monoxide in East Asia derived from the observations of atmospheric radon-222 over the western North Pacific

Wada¹,

Matsueda²,

Murayama

et al. 2012

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. We used the observed CO/ 222 Rn ratio in the Asian outflows at Minamitorishima (MNM), Yonagunijima (YON), and Ryori (RYO) in the western North Pacific from 2007 to 2011, together with a three-dimensional chemical transport model (STAG), in order to estimate anthropogenic emissions of CO in East Asia. The measurements captured highfrequency synoptic variations of enhanced 222 Rn (ERN) events associated with the long-range transport of continental air masses. 222 Rn and CO showed high correlation during the ERN events observed at MNM and YON in the winter and spring, but not at RYO. The STAG transport model reproduced well the concentrations of observed 222 Rn when forced with a constant and uniform flux density of 1.0 atom cm −2 s −1 , but underestimated the associated enhancement of synoptically variable CO caused by the underestimated flux values in the EDGAR ver. 4.1 emission database used in the model for East Asia. Better estimates for the East Asian emission were derived using a radon tracer method based on the difference in the enhancement ratio of CO/ 222 Rn between the observation and the model. The anthropogenic emissions of CO for China, Japan, and Korea were estimated to be 203 Tg CO yr −1 , 91 % of which originated in China. When compared with other estimated emissions of CO, our estimated result showed consistency with those of the inverse method, whereas the emission database of EDGAR was about 45 % smaller than our anthropogenic estimation for China.

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“…This evidence illustrates the significant increase of ozone mixing ratios at Japan-ese outflow region by direct transport from central eastern China using surface observation. At Yonagunijima, an outflow site at lower latitude and much closer to Taiwan and Chinese mainland, about 15-20 ppb difference of ozone between "regional events" and "background events" have regularly been observed in summer (Tsutsumi et al, 2006). It is also noticed that the four ozone episodes from central eastern China were also transported from the regions around Mt.…”

Section: Ozone Export From Central Eastern China To Cape Hedo Okinmentioning

confidence: 84%

Boundary Layer Ozone Transport from Eastern China to Southern Japan: Pollution Episodes Observed during Monsoon Onset in 2004

Pochanart¹,

Wang²,

Akimoto³

2015

Asian J. Atmos. Environ

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Long-term trends of greenhouse gases in regional and background events observed during 1998–2004 at Yonagunijima located to the east of the Asian continent

Cited by 60 publications

References 31 publications

Contributions of regional and intercontinental transport to surface ozone in the Tokyo area

Contributions of regional and intercontinental transport to surface ozone in the Tokyo area

Evaluation of anthropogenic emissions of carbon monoxide in East Asia derived from the observations of atmospheric radon-222 over the western North Pacific

Boundary Layer Ozone Transport from Eastern China to Southern Japan: Pollution Episodes Observed during Monsoon Onset in 2004

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