Long-term trends (1990–2014), health risks, and sources of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the U.S.

Liu, Bian; Xue, Zhuqing; Zhu, Xinhua; Jia, Chunrong

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.018

Cited by 109 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Human activities such as industrial production, transportation, coal combustion, and sulfur dioxide emissions release various poisonous and harmful substances (2,3), which are atmospherically transported and deposited in urbanized areas where people live and work (4)(5)(6)(7). Among the large amounts of pollutants present in the cities, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have attracted a great deal of attention because of their toxicity and persistence, which threaten human health and cause adverse disease effects (8)(9)(10), including reproductive defects (11)(12)(13). In the air, PAHs emitted from solid fuel combustion, like other volatile and semivolatile pollutants, adsorb on the suspended particulate matter (PM), a complex mixture of extremely small particles and liquid droplets made up of a carbonaceous fraction and inorganic constituents (14), to form the main elements threatening human health in smog, especially the health of susceptible populations, such as pregnant women and children (8).…”

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confidence: 99%

BaP exposure causes oocyte meiotic arrest and fertilization failure to weaken female fertility

et al. 2017

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Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant and carcinogen that is frequently found in particulate matter, with a diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5). It has been reported to interrupt the normal reproductive system, but the exact molecular basis has not been clearly defined. To understand the underlying mechanisms regarding how BaP exposure disrupts female fertility, we evaluated oocyte quality by assessing the critical regulators and events during oocyte meiotic maturation and fertilization. We found that BaP exposure compromised the mouse oocyte meiotic progression by disrupting normal spindle assembly, chromosome alignment, and kinetochore-microtubule attachment, consequently leading to the generation of aneuploid eggs. In addition, BaP administration significantly decreased the fertilization rate of mouse eggs by reducing the number of sperm binding to the zona pellucida, which was consistent with the premature cleavage of N terminus of zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 2 and precocious exocytosis of ovastacin. Furthermore, BaP exposure interfered with the gamete fusion process by perturbing the localization and protein level of Juno. Notably, we found that BaP exposure induced oxidative stress with an increased level of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis in oocytes and thereby led to the deterioration of critical regulators and events during oocyte meiotic progression and fertilization. Our data document that BaP exposure reduces female fertility impairing oocyte maturation and fertilization ability induced by oxidative stress and early apoptosis in murine models.-Zhang, M., Miao, Y., Chen, Q., Cai, M., Dong, W., Dai, X., Lu, Y., Zhou, C., Cui, Z., Xiong, B. BaP exposure causes oocyte meiotic arrest and fertilization failure to weaken female fertility.

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BaP exposure causes oocyte meiotic arrest and fertilization failure to weaken female fertility

et al. 2017

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“…According to this, maximum exposure limit (MEL) and occupational exposure limit (OEL) are many times tougher than for any other hydrocarbon groups. Moreover, benzo(a)pyrene is proposed as an indicator for the carcinogenic fraction of these PAHs [14][15][16]. Getting into an organism of single PAH compounds, for example benzo(a)pyrene alone, does not occur without other PAHs being present [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Concentrations of Benzo(a)pyrene in Gas Phase Soot Particles by Using and Burning Water Fuel Emulsions

Kemelov¹,

Maymekov²,

Sambaeva³

et al. 2020

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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In this study, benzo(a)pyrene-water-oxygen systems were investigated in wide ranges of change of temperature value and initial components to predict in which conditions benzo(a)pyrene degraded into more harmful substances. Consequently, the thermodynamic parameters of the benzo(a) pyrene-water-oxygen system were calculated and the concentration distribution of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen-containing particles in the gas phase were established. Adding water into the system allowed decreasing of carbon and acetylene. These elements are the key elements of benzo(a)pyrene formation. According to this, the main parameter for reducing the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene in the gas phase was the water content in fuel oil within 10-15%. Determination of the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene in samples of flue gases of DKVR-4/13 and PTVM-30M boiler units of the Teplokommunoenergo heating organization of Bishkek city was carried out by chromatographic method. Concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene were found to compare the product of burning ordinary fuel oil and water fuel emulsion. Homogenization of the fuel-air mixture by adding water to the fuel oil allowed us to obtain an inverse emulsion and reduce the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene in flue gases up to 62%. According to this, a new process flowsheet of water fuel emulsions production was proposed for the heating organization.

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“…In general, PAHs are known to have mutagenic, genotoxic, carcinogenic and estrogenic properties, and their physicochemical properties are highly mobile in the environment via air, soil and water bodies (Boström et al, 2002;Kim et al, 2013;Wincent et al, 2016;Hu et al, 2017;Lui et al, 2017). PAHs in the atmospheric environment behave equal to persistent organic pollutants continue to undergo long-range atmospheric transport (Fang et al, 2004;Mulder et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2017). However, reaction half-lives of persistent organic pollutants in water, soil, and sediments are much higher than in the atmospheric gaseous phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fine fractions of Barapukuria coal in Bangladesh

Hossain¹,

Hossain²

2019

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.

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The existence and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fine coal fractions have been determined in order to evaluate their potential carcinogenicity to human beings. Thirteen PAHs of fine coal fractions (n = 9) from Barapukuria coal field, situated at the northwestern part of Bangladesh were analyzed by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC−MS) method in order to examine their distributions and toxicity in the environment. Relative abundances of fluoranthene (Flu), pyrene (Pyr), benzo [b,j,k] fluoranthene (Bflas), benzo [e] pyrene (BeP) and benzo [a] pyrene (BaP) were found to be high, followed by phenanthrene (Phe), indeno [1,2,3-cd] pyrene (InP), benzo [g,h,i] perylene (BghiP) and coronene (Cor). The average loads of carcinogenic PAHs in the fine coal fractions decreased in the order: Bflas > BeP > BaP > BghiP > InP > Cor. The PAHs ratios of BeP/(BeP + BaP) ranging from 0.61 to 0.85 (average 0.74), reflected the decay of BaP due to ageing in prolonged exposure to the solar radiation. High abundance of land plant markers retene (Ret) and Phe and BaP/BghiP ratio (~0.10 to 6.16, average 1.89) values indicate that organic matters in the studied samples were derived from typical biological sources. Moreover, the existence of more middle- and higher molecular weight (MMW and HMW) PAHs over lower molecular weight (LMW) PAHs in most samples implied the association of high toxicity with negative impacts on human health. The health risk assessment factors (BaPeq) ranging from 0.55 ng g–1 to 6.51 ng g–1 indicates moderate to high health risk related to carcinogenic PAHs in the surrounding atmosphere. The estimated incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) values for adults (9.96 × 10−5 to 1.27 × 10−4) and children (5.56 × 10−6 to 1.12 × 10−6) were found to be higher than or equal to the range of 1.0 × 10−6 to 1.0 × 10−4. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(3), 203-214, 2019

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Long-term trends (1990–2014), health risks, and sources of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the U.S.

Cited by 109 publications

References 49 publications

BaP exposure causes oocyte meiotic arrest and fertilization failure to weaken female fertility

BaP exposure causes oocyte meiotic arrest and fertilization failure to weaken female fertility

Reducing Concentrations of Benzo(a)pyrene in Gas Phase Soot Particles by Using and Burning Water Fuel Emulsions

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fine fractions of Barapukuria coal in Bangladesh

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