Long-term storage and impedance-based water toxicity testing capabilities of fluidic biochips seeded with RTgill-W1 cells

Brennan, Linda M.; Widder, Mark W.; Lee, Lucy E. J.; Schalie, William H. van der

doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2012.03.010

Cited by 45 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The RTgill-W1 cells that are on the biochip cannot tolerate freezing or temperatures much above 25 °C for prolonged periods of time (time frame can be from hours to days dependent upon the temperature. The biochips function best in a temperature range from refrigerated to room temperature 7 . They are ready for immediate use, however, right after being removed from cold storage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and Testing of Impedance-based Fluidic Biochips with RTgill-W1 Cells for Rapid Evaluation of Drinking Water Samples for Toxicity

Brennan

Widder

McAleer

et al. 2016

JoVE

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This manuscript describes how to prepare fluidic biochips with Rainbow trout gill epithelial (RTgill-W1) cells for use in a field portable water toxicity sensor. A monolayer of RTgill-W1 cells forms on the sensing electrodes enclosed within the biochips. The biochips are then used for testing in a field portable electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) device designed for rapid toxicity testing of drinking water. The manuscript further describes how to run a toxicity test using the prepared biochips. A control water sample and the test water sample are mixed with pre-measured powdered media and injected into separate channels of the biochip. Impedance readings from the sensing electrodes in each of the biochip channels are measured and compared by an automated statistical software program. The screen on the ECIS instrument will indicate either "Contamination Detected" or "No Contamination Detected" within an hour of sample injection. Advantages are ease of use and rapid response to a broad spectrum of inorganic and organic chemicals at concentrations that are relevant to human health concerns, as well as the long-term stability of stored biochips in a ready state for testing. Limitations are the requirement for cold storage of the biochips and limited sensitivity to cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. Applications for this toxicity detector are for rapid field-portable testing of drinking water supplies by Army Preventative Medicine personnel or for use at municipal water treatment facilities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These usually have a cellular component to them [4][5][6][7][8] . The advantages of broad-based toxicity biosensors are that they can detect the presence of a wide array of chemical contaminants, including mixtures and unknowns, in a relatively short period of time 5,9,10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Testing of Impedance-based Fluidic Biochips with RTgill-W1 Cells for Rapid Evaluation of Drinking Water Samples for Toxicity

Brennan

Widder

McAleer

et al. 2016

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“…The recent use of the RTgill-W1 cell line, which is derived from the rainbow trout gill (Bols et al, 1994), illustrates this (Brennan et al, 2012). RTgill-W1 cells are able to evaluate the toxicity of a wide range of chemicals in less than an hour, and remarkably, the cells remained viable for 78 weeks without changing the medium of the biochips (Brennan et al, 2012). Thus using RTgill-W1 cells greatly extended the storage capabilities of the ECIS-based toxicity sensor over using mammalian cell lines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…To meet this growing need, a variety of toxicity sensors have been developed that can detect a broad range of chemical contaminants (Curtis et al, 2009a;Eltzov and Marks, 2010;Iuga et al, 2009, andO'Shaughnessy et al, 2004). One toxicity sensor that shows great potential for low cost, maintenancefree detection of many chemical contaminants is ECIS sensing of vertebrate cells, which was first described by Giaever and Keese (1992), and further developed by Curtis et al (2009a,b), Brennan et al (2012). A change in cellular impedance has been shown to be a sensitive rapid indicator of viability and cytotoxicity (Giaever and Keese, 1993;Keese et al, 1998;Xing et al, 2005Xing et al, , 2006, and thus is appropriate for toxicity sensing of drinking water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability of Invertebrate and Vertebrate Cells in a Portable Impedance-Based Toxicity Sensor: Temperature Mediated Impacts on Long-Term Survival

Curtis¹,

Collins²,

Gerlach³

et al. 2013

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Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8/98) REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGEPrescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18 Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, Using ECIS (electric cell-substrate impedance sensing) to monitor the impedance of vertebrate cell monolayers provides a sensitive measure of toxicity for a wide range of chemical toxicants. One major limitation to using a cell-based sensor for chemical toxicant detection in the field is the difficulty in maintaining cell viability over extended periods of time prior to use. This research was performed to identify cell lines suitable for ECIS-based toxicity sensing under field conditions. A variety of invertebrate and vertebrate cell lines were screened for their abilities to be stored for extended periods of time on an enclosed fluidic biochip with minimal maintenance. Three of the ten cell lines screened exhibited favorable portability characteristics on the biochips. Interestingly, all three cell lines were derived from ectothermic vertebrates, and the storage temperature that allowed long-term cell survival on the enclosed fluidic biochips was also at the lower end of reported body temperature for the organism. Future work with the ectothermic vertebrate cells will characterize their sensitivity to a wide range of chemical toxicants. Using ECIS (electric cell-substrate impedance sensing) to monitor the impedance of vertebrate cell monolayers provides a sensitive measure of toxicity for a wide range of chemical toxicants. One major limitation to using a cell-based sensor for chemical toxicant detection in the field is the difficulty in maintaining cell viability over extended periods of time prior to use. This research was performed to identify cell lines suitable for ECIS-based toxicity sensing under field conditions. A variety of invertebrate and vertebrate cell lines were screened for their abilities to be stored for extended periods of time on an enclosed fluidic biochip with minimal maintenance. Three of the ten cell lines screened exhibited favorable portability characteristics on the biochips. Interestingly, all three cell lines were derived from ectothermic vertebrates, and the storage temperature that allowed long-term cell survival on the enclosed fluidic biochips was also at the lower end of reported body temperature for the organism, suggesting that reduced cellular metabolism may be essential for longterm survival on the biochip. Future work with the ectothermic vertebrate cells will characterize their sensitivity to a wide range of chemical toxicants to determine if they are good candidates for use in a field portable toxicity sensor.

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“…Important areas of research are the toxicity monitoring in aquatic environments [18,19] and also the monitoring of toxic gaseous compounds in the air, which came into the focus of cell-based sensor research [20]. One of the main reasons for the recent success is the development of cellbased sensor systems which can be used in field applications [21]. In this context, Electrical cell impedance spectroscopy [22] has been demonstrated to be feasible to monitor various aquatic toxicants including heavy metals and industrial pollutants [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical comparison of cell-based sensor systems for the detection of Cr(VI) in aquatic environment

Bohrn

Mucha

Werner

et al. 2013

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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a b s t r a c tThe toxicity of chromium ions was investigated using mammalian cell cultures on impedance sensors as well as physiological in vitro sensor systems. The performance of commercially available systems like the 2500 Analyzing System (Bionas), xCELLigence (Roche) and Cytosensor Microphysiometer (Molecular Devices) was compared with a novel CMOS-based impedance-to-frequency converter device. Cell-based sensor systems are shown to be powerful tools to detect Cr(VI) pollutions within several hours in the range of multinational drinking water regulations. The ability to distinguish between toxic Cr(VI) and non-toxic Cr(III) species is one advantage of these integral sensor systems. Impedance only devices are not sufficient for the fast detection of toxic chromium species as rapid cellular changes occur only in the respiration system and the cell physiology.

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Long-term storage and impedance-based water toxicity testing capabilities of fluidic biochips seeded with RTgill-W1 cells

Cited by 45 publications

References 39 publications

Preparation and Testing of Impedance-based Fluidic Biochips with RTgill-W1 Cells for Rapid Evaluation of Drinking Water Samples for Toxicity

Preparation and Testing of Impedance-based Fluidic Biochips with RTgill-W1 Cells for Rapid Evaluation of Drinking Water Samples for Toxicity

Suitability of Invertebrate and Vertebrate Cells in a Portable Impedance-Based Toxicity Sensor: Temperature Mediated Impacts on Long-Term Survival

A critical comparison of cell-based sensor systems for the detection of Cr(VI) in aquatic environment

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