Long-term skin findings of sulfur mustard exposure on the civilians of Sardasht, Iran

Moin, Athar; Ghazanfari, Tooba; Davoudi, Seyyed Masoud; Emadi, N; Panahi, Yunes; Hassan, Zuhair Mohammad; Soroush, Mohammad Reza; Khateri, Shahriar; Amini, Reza; Naghizadeh, Mohammad Mehdi; Yaraee, Roya; Ghasemi, Hassan; Shams, Jalaleddin; Mahdavi, Mohammad Reza Vaez; Moaiedmohseni, Sakine; Nadoushan, M R Jalali; Merasizadeh, Javad; Faghihzadeh, Soghrat

doi:10.1080/15569540802689311

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Previous studies have been reported that eczema, xerosis, cherry angioma, hyperpigmentation and seborrheic dermatitis are the long term skin complications in the SM exposed subjects [16,30,31]. In the dermatologic setting GM-CSF has been reported to exhibit efficacy as a wound-healing agent for ulcerated skin by promoting the proliferation of keratinocytes [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum levels of GM-CSF 20years after sulfur mustard exposure: Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study

Amiri

Ghazanfari

Yaraee

et al. 2009

International Immunopharmacology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a predefined protocol, the patients' skin complications were documented by dermatologists. The severity of complications in the eyes and skin was graded as normal, mild, moderate, or severe based on the criteria verified by the Medical Committee of the Foundation of Martyr and Veterans Affairs [12,16,17]. …”

Section: Clinical Evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum levels of GM-CSF 20years after sulfur mustard exposure: Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study

Amiri

Ghazanfari

Yaraee

et al. 2009

International Immunopharmacology

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“…Long-term clinical consequences of SM exposure target primarily the eyes, skin, respiratory and immune systems [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum soluble Fas ligand and nitric oxide in long-term pulmonary complications induced by sulfur mustard: Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study

Ghazanfari

Sharifnia

Yaraee

et al. 2009

International Immunopharmacology

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“…One possible explanation for the observed clinical results may be due to long term side-effects of poisoning, reported by other investigators, which include severe respiratory complications and the resulting oxygenation disorder that may ensue (5,14,15). Therefore, it is expected for the victims to develop polycythemia, to compensate for the hypoxemia, but according to previous studies, this type of manifestation, which can be caused by destruction of RBCs, was not noted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The long-term effects of SM exposure manifest in several health-related problems later in life, however the pathophysiology of SMinduced complications is not clear and requires further conclusive investigations (2). The most damaging symptoms reported in casualties were related to the lungs (3), eyes (4), skin (5) and hematologic system (6). Malignant effects related to autoimmunity have also been reported in earlier publications (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Relationship Between Serum Bilirubin Concentration and Inflammatory Cytokines in Victims Exposed to Sulfur Mustard

Nadoushan¹,

Mahdavi²,

Soroush³

et al. 2016

Trauma Mon

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Background: Despite observed post Sulfur Mustard (SM) exposure hemolysis, serum bilirubin concentration does not significantly increase in SM-exposed casualties. The concentration of serum bilirubin can be related to serum levels of inflammatory cytokines. Objectives: In this study, the relationship between the serum levels of Interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-1Ra, Tumor Necrotizing Factor (TNF)-α and IL-6 with serum bilirubin concentration was investigated. Methods: Overall, 368 individuals, who were exposed to SM in 1986, and 127 non-exposed control participants were studied in the context of hematological factors, serum bilirubin and inflammatory cytokines. Total serum bilirubin and direct bilirubin were analyzed using an enzymatic method, while the inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results:The concentration of inflammatory cytokines in the exposed group was significantly different compared to the control group, however the serum concentrations of total and direct bilirubin did not differ between the two groups. Among cytokines, other than the relationship between the IL-6 concentrations and bilirubin level, there were no significant correlations between the levels of other cytokines with direct and total bilirubin. Conclusions: Considering the lack of correlation between bilirubin concentrations and levels of inflammatory cytokines other than IL-6, we should identify other confounding factors for lack of increase in bilirubin in SM casualties, despite the observed hemolysis.

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Long-term skin findings of sulfur mustard exposure on the civilians of Sardasht, Iran

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Serum levels of GM-CSF 20years after sulfur mustard exposure: Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study

Serum levels of GM-CSF 20years after sulfur mustard exposure: Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study

Serum soluble Fas ligand and nitric oxide in long-term pulmonary complications induced by sulfur mustard: Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study

Relationship Between Serum Bilirubin Concentration and Inflammatory Cytokines in Victims Exposed to Sulfur Mustard

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