Long‐Term Sinus Rhythm Stability after Intraoperative Ablation of Permanent Atrial Fibrillation

Abstract

SICTRA restores long-term stable SR in 69% of all patients. Nine percent of patients reconverted back to atrial arrhythmia after having documented SR at 12 months.

Safety and efficacy of biatrial vs left atrial surgical ablation during concomitant cardiac surgery: A meta‐analysis of clinical studies with a focus on the causes of pacemaker implantation

“…3,4,21,22,24,25,27,31,32,37 The remaining 15 studies (53.6%) were retrospective observational, of which 3 were propensity adjusted. 5,19,20,26,[28][29][30]33,34,38,39,[44][45][46][47] In 16 studies (57.1%) all the patients enrolled presented exclusively non-paroxysmal AF forms and these studies constituted the "non-paroxysmal AF subgroup." [20][21][22][23][25][26][27][28][34][35][36][37][38][39]46,47 clearly specify the types of AF included.…”

“…In 10 studies (35.7%) mitral surgery was the main procedure performed in association with AF ablation, 19 Within studies adopting CM4, radiofrequency was the most common energy source used to perform the ablation: it was used in 11 studies (39.3%) as the only source of energy in both study groups, [21][22][23]25,26,34,35,37,44,45,47 while in 5 studies (17.8%) radiofrequency mainly used but it was complemented by cryoablation for some lesions. 19,20,24,30,36 These 16 studies were included in the Radiofrequency subgroup.…”

“…In 16 studies [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]30,[34][35][36][37]44,45,47 a CM4 using RF was adopted. The comparison of preoperative and intraoperative characteristics in this subgroup, did not show any significant unbalancing between BA and LA patients characteristics, except the length of cardiopulmonary bypass (WMD 12.16 minutes, CI, 1.53-22.80 minutes, P = .03) that was longer in the BA group (see Supplementary Material S4).…”

“…,21,23,[25][26][27][28]32,36,46 while in the remaining studies various types of main procedures (coronary surgery, valve surgery, aortic surgery, etc) were performed aside of AF ablation. Four studies23,28,36,47 enrolled only patients rheumatic valve disease (RVD) in both study groups, while 4 more studies21,27,32,37 reported a variable quota of RVD ranging between 50% and 70% of the population, while in the remaining 20 studies the incidence of RVD was not clearly stated.In 25 studies (89.3%) the same type of ablation energies were used in both BA and LA groups 5,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][34][35][36][37][38][39][44][45][46][47]. A CM4 procedure, using different types of energies, was performed in all except five studies: of these five,Takami38 and Takasaki 27 performed a CM3 procedure ("cut and sew" technique) with some of the lesions achieved using cryoablation.…”

The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence after a Radiofrequency Modified Maze Procedure

“…The left atrial appendage was resected followed by the radiofrequency modified maze procedure and valvular replacement surgery. Continuous lesions were created using the Cardioblate® Irrigated RF Surgical Ablation System (Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minn., USA), which aimed to mimic most of the incisions and sutures as described in the Cox maze procedure [8,9]. Application of energy was done by oscillating the probe back and forth with a preselected catheter tip temperature of 60°C and with a saline irrigation flow rate of 4-6 ml/min.…”