Long-term silk peptide intake promotes skeletal muscle mass, reduces inflammation, and modulates gut microbiota in middle-aged female rats

Park, Sunmin; Hu, Yuan; Zhang, Ting; Wu, Xuangao; Huang, Shao Kai; Cho, Song Mee

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111415

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The mixture was vortexed and centrifuged at 15,000 rpm, 15 min, and 4 °C. The SCFA concentrations in supernatants were measured by gas chromatography (GC, Clarus 680 GAS, PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA) using an Elite-FFAP 30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm capillary column with helium as the carrier gas at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, as described previously [ 39 ]. Exogenous acetate, propionate, and butyrate (Sigma Co., St. Loise, MO, USA) were used as external standards.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Effect of Porcine Brain Enzyme Hydrolysate Intake on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats

Zhang

Kim

Kim³

et al. 2022

IJMS

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No study has revealed the effect of porcine brain enzyme hydrolysate (PBEH) on memory impairment. We aimed to examine the hypothesis that PBEH intake modulates memory deficits and cognitive behavior in scopolamine (SC)-induced amnesia rats, and its mechanism, including gut microbiota changes, was determined. Sprague–Dawley male rats had intraperitoneal injections of SC (2 mg/kg body weight/day) at 30 min after daily feeding of casein (MD-control), PBEH (7 mg total nitrogen/mL) at 0.053 mL (Low-PBEH), 0.159 mL (Medium-PBEH), 0.478 mL (High-PBEH), or 10 mg donepezil (Positive-control) per kilogram body weight per day through a feeding needle for six weeks. The Normal-control rats had casein feeding without SC injection. PBEH dose-dependently protected against memory deficits determined by passive avoidance test, Y-maze, water-maze, and novel object recognition test in SC-induced rats compared to the MD-control. The High-PBEH group had a similar memory function to the Positive-control group. Systemic insulin resistance determined by HOMA-IR was lower in the PBEH groups than in the Normal-control but not the Positive-control. In parallel with systemic insulin resistance, decreased cholesterol and increased glycogen contents in the hippocampus in the Medium-PBEH and High-PBEH represented reduced brain insulin resistance. PBEH intake prevented the increment of serum TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations in the SC-injected rats. Hippocampal lipid peroxide and TNF-α contents and mRNA TNF-α and IL-1β expression were dose-dependently reduced in PBEH and Positive-control. PBEH decreased the hippocampal acetylcholinesterase activity compared to the MD-control, but not as much as the Positive-control. PBEH intake increased the α-diversity of the gut microbiota compared to the MD-control, and the gut microbiota community was separated from MD-control. In metagenome function analysis, PBEH increased the energy metabolism-related pathways of the gut microbiota, including citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, and amino acid metabolism, which were lower in the MD-control than the Normal-control. In conclusion, alleviated memory deficit by PBEH was associated potentially with not only reducing acetylcholinesterase activity but also improving brain insulin resistance and neuroinflammation potentially through modulating gut microbiota. PBEH intake (1.5–4.5 mL of 7 mg total nitrogen/mL for human equivalent) can be a potential therapeutic agent for improving memory impairment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Effect of Porcine Brain Enzyme Hydrolysate Intake on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats

Zhang

Kim

Kim³

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…SCFA concentrations in supernatants were measured by gas chromatography (GC, Clarus 680 GAS, PerkinElmer) using an Elite-FFAP 30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm capillary column with helium as the carrier gas at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, as described previously (Park et al. 2021 ) Exogenous acetate, propionate, and butyrate (Sigma Co., MO, USA) were used for references.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sequences were aligned using Silva reference alignment v.12350, and bacteria counts and identifications for all taxa were determined as previously described (Park et al. 2021 ; Wu et al. 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of Forsythiae fructus and Cassiae semen water extract against memory deficits through the gut-microbiome-brain axis in an Alzheimer’s disease model

Kim

Zhang

Park

2022

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context Fruits of Forsythia suspensa Vahl (Oleaceae) and seeds of Cassia obtusifolia Linne (Caesalpinaceae) have been used to treat inflammation in Asia. Objective We examined the alleviation of memory function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats fed Forsythiae Fructus (FF) and Cassiae Semen water extracts (CS) and investigated the mechanisms responsible for the effects. Materials and methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats had hippocampal infusions of amyloid-β (25–35) (AD rats; memory deficit), and ten rats were infused with amyloid-β (35–25) (non-AD rats; no memory deficit). For eight weeks, all rats freely consumed high-fat diets (43% lard) incorporated with 200 mg/kg body weight assigned aqueous herbal extracts: AD-FF, AD-CS, or without extracts AD-CON (control), non-AD (normal-control). Results Memory impairment was prevented in the AD-FF (0.54 ± 0.06-fold) and the AD-CS rats (0.33 ± 0.04-fold) compared to the AD-CON by inhibiting amyloid-β deposition to the levels less than one-fourth of the AD-CON group. The hippocampal pAkt→pGSK-3β→pFOXO1 pathway was attenuated by approximately 3.25-fold in the AD-CON, while AD-FF prevented the attenuation better than AD-CS. The relative intensity of hippocampal tau protein based on β-actin was suppressed with AD-FF (0.68 ± 0.09) and AD-CS (0.96 ± 0.81), compared to AD-CON (1.19 ± 0.13). AD decreased the abundance of Bacteroidales by 34.2% and Lactobacillales by 23.8% and increased Clostridiales by 181% while the AD-FF, but not the AD-CS, normalised the gut microbiota changes to be similar to the non-AD. Discussion and conclusions FF improved memory deficits better than CS in an AD-induced rat model. The potential neuroprotective benefits of FF against AD may be applicable to human AD therapy with additional clinical research.

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“…Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota can impact various organs to influence the initiation and progression of sarcopenia [17][18][19]. The gut microbiota compositions may impact glucose and fat metabolism in skeletal muscle tissues [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gut microbiota compositions may impact glucose and fat metabolism in skeletal muscle tissues [17]. Gut microbiota modulates lipopolysaccharide (LPS) production, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and various metabolites that affect host metabolism, including skeletal muscle tissues and their function through the gut-muscle axis [18,19]. Although there is no direct evidence of the association between sarcopenia and distinct gut microbiota composition in the elderly, the potential relationship between skeletal muscle mass and gut microbiota has been reported [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia Is a Cause and Consequence of Metabolic Dysregulation in Aging Humans: Effects of Gut Dysbiosis, Glucose Dysregulation, Diet and Lifestyle

Daily¹,

Park

2022

Cells

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Skeletal muscle mass plays a critical role in a healthy lifespan by helping to regulate glucose homeostasis. As seen in sarcopenia, decreased skeletal muscle mass impairs glucose homeostasis, but it may also be caused by glucose dysregulation. Gut microbiota modulates lipopolysaccharide (LPS) production, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and various metabolites that affect the host metabolism, including skeletal muscle tissues, and may have a role in the sarcopenia etiology. Here, we aimed to review the relationship between skeletal muscle mass, glucose homeostasis, and gut microbiota, and the effect of consuming probiotics and prebiotics on the development and pathological consequences of sarcopenia in the aging human population. This review includes discussions about the effects of glucose metabolism and gut microbiota on skeletal muscle mass and sarcopenia and the interaction of dietary intake, physical activity, and gut microbiome to influence sarcopenia through modulating the gut–muscle axis. Emerging evidence suggests that the microbiome can regulate both skeletal muscle mass and function, in part through modulating the metabolisms of short-chain fatty acids and branch-chain amino acids that might act directly on muscle in humans or indirectly through the brain and liver. Dietary factors such as fats, proteins, and indigestible carbohydrates and lifestyle interventions such as exercise, smoking, and alcohol intake can both help and hinder the putative gut–muscle axis. The evidence presented in this review suggests that loss of muscle mass and function are not an inevitable consequence of the aging process, and that dietary and lifestyle interventions may prevent or delay sarcopenia.

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Long-term silk peptide intake promotes skeletal muscle mass, reduces inflammation, and modulates gut microbiota in middle-aged female rats

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Long-Term Effect of Porcine Brain Enzyme Hydrolysate Intake on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats

Long-Term Effect of Porcine Brain Enzyme Hydrolysate Intake on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats

Protective effects of Forsythiae fructus and Cassiae semen water extract against memory deficits through the gut-microbiome-brain axis in an Alzheimer’s disease model

Sarcopenia Is a Cause and Consequence of Metabolic Dysregulation in Aging Humans: Effects of Gut Dysbiosis, Glucose Dysregulation, Diet and Lifestyle

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