Long term risk of recurrence among survivors of sudden cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lam, Timothy Jia Rong; Yang, Jacqueline; Poh, Jane Elizabeth; Ong, Marcus Eng Hock; Liu, Nan; Yeo, Jun Wei; Gräsner, Jan-Thorsten; Ho, Andrew Fu Wah

doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2022.04.027

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In a meta-analysis of 35 studies including 7186 survivors, the incidence of first recurrence of cardiac arrest was 15.24% (95% CI, 11.01%–19.95%; mean follow-up time, 41.3±29.3 months) and second recurrence was 35.03% (95% CI, 19.65%–51.93%; mean follow-up, 161.1± 54.3 months). 151 Shockable initial rhythm increased the incidence of first recurrence of cardiac arrest ( P =0.01).…”

Section: Sudden Cardiac Arrest Ventricular Arrhythmias and Inherited ...mentioning

confidence: 98%

2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association

Martin,

Aday,

Almarzooq

et al. 2024

Circulation

164

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BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, nutrition, sleep, and obesity) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, glucose control, and metabolic syndrome) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The AHA Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, brain health, complications of pregnancy, kidney disease, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, sudden cardiac arrest, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, valvular disease, venous thromboembolism, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS: The AHA, through its Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States and globally to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update with review of published literature through the year before writing. The 2024 AHA Statistical Update is the product of a full year’s worth of effort in 2023 by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and AHA staff members. The AHA strives to further understand and help heal health problems inflicted by structural racism, a public health crisis that can significantly damage physical and mental health and perpetuate disparities in access to health care, education, income, housing, and several other factors vital to healthy lives. This year’s edition includes additional global data, as well as data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with an enhanced focus on health equity across several key domains. RESULTS: Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS: The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.

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Section: Sudden Cardiac Arrest Ventricular Arrhythmias and Inherited ...mentioning

confidence: 98%

2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association

Martin,

Aday,

Almarzooq

et al. 2024

Circulation

164

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This adds a valuable perspective to the growing body of literature recognizing the multidomain experience of life in long‐term survivors of OHCA, 10 , 23 including cardiovascular complications, which are one aspect. 3 , 24 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this, post‐OHCA complications remain poorly understood, with no established guidelines for managing long‐term sequelae. 1 , 2 , 3 This is concerning since the morbidity and death of this expanding group of OHCA survivors are a significant public health burden. 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 …”

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confidence: 99%

Incidence and Long‐Term Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction Among Survivors of Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Ho,

Zheng,

et al. 2024

JAHA

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Background Despite the increasing long‐term survival after out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), the risk of subsequent acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains poorly understood. We aimed to determine the incidence, predictors, and long‐term outcomes of AMI among survivors of OHCA. Methods and Results We assembled a retrospective cohort of 882 patients with OHCA who survived to 30 days or discharge from the hospital between 2010 and 2019. Survivors of OHCA had an increased risk of subsequent AMI, defined as AMI occurring 30 days after index OHCA or following discharge from the hospital after OHCA, compared with the general population when matched for age and sex (standardized incidence ratio, 4.64 [95% CI, 3.52–6.01]). Age‐specific risks of subsequent AMI for men (standardized incidence ratio, 3.29 [95% CI, 2.39–4.42]) and women (standardized incidence ratio, 6.15 [95% CI, 3.27–10.52]) were significantly increased. A total of 7.2%, 8.3%, and 14.3% of survivors of OHCA had a subsequent AMI at 3 years, 5 years, and end of follow‐up, respectively. Age at OHCA (hazard ratio [HR], 1.04 [95% CI, 1.02–1.06]) and past medical history of prior AMI, defined as any AMI preceding or during the index OHCA event (HR, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.05–3.22]), were associated with subsequent AMI, while an initial shockable rhythm was not (HR, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.52–1.94]). Survivors of OHCA with subsequent AMI had a higher risk of death (HR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.12–2.22]) than those without. Conclusions Survivors of OHCA are at an increased risk of subsequent AMI compared with the general population. Prior AMI, but not an initial shockable rhythm, increases this risk, while subsequent AMI predicts death. Preventive measures for AMI including cardiovascular risk factor control and revascularization may thus improve outcomes in selected patients with cardiac pathogenesis.

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“…It is therefore not possible to account for within-patient correlation. Given that repeat cardiac arrests are relatively uncommon [27], we believe this is of minor importance.…”

Section: Clusteringmentioning

confidence: 97%

Statistical Analysis Plan: The Effect of Automated External Defibrillators for Cardiac Arrests in Private Homes An Observational Study

Andersen,

Holmberg,

Granfeldt

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This document describes the statistical analysis plan for the study “The Effect of Automated External Defibrillators for Cardiac Arrests in Private Homes”. This will be an observational study using prospectively collected data from the CARES registry in the United States. We will include patients with an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in a private home. The exposure will be application of an AED and the primary outcome will be survival to hospital discharge. Assuming that there is no causal effect of AED application in those with a non-shockable rhythm, we will use a “difference-in-difference” approach to estimate the causal effect of AED application in those with a shockable rhythm.

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Long term risk of recurrence among survivors of sudden cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association

2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association

Incidence and Long‐Term Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction Among Survivors of Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Statistical Analysis Plan: The Effect of Automated External Defibrillators for Cardiac Arrests in Private Homes An Observational Study

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