Long‐term risk factors for suicide mortality after attempted suicide ‐ Findings of a 14‐year follow‐up study

Abstract

Long-term risk factors for suicide mortality after attempted suicide Ð ®ndings of a 14-year follow-up study Suokas Objective: To determine the risk of suicide over a 14-year follow-up period, and to investigate the long-term risk factors for suicide using survival analysis. Method: Data were collected on all unselected deliberate self-poisoning patients (n=1018) treated during 1983 in the emergency unit of Helsinki University Central Hospital. Results: By the end of the 14 -year follow-up period 222 (21.7%) of these patients had died. Sixty-eight (6.7%) had committed suicide; 44 (9.2%) men and 24 (4.5%) women. The long-term risk factors for suicide were male sex, previous psychiatric treatment, previous suicide attempts, somatic disease and a self-reported`wish to die' motive for the index suicide attempt. Conclusion: The essential risk factors for suicide were being male and having previous suicide attempts. In addition, history of earlier psychiatric treatment, presence of somatic disease and genuine intent to die in the index suicide attempt suggest that the long-term risk has remained high for over a decade. The ®ndings emphasize the need for long-term planning and treatment of suicide attempters met in the emergency room of general hospitals.

Risk of Mortality during Four Years after Substance Detoxification in Urban Adults

“…Only the more severe Bpersistentĥ omelessness was a significant predictor. Our findings also confirm that suicide attempts, [42][43][44] chronic medical illness 13,22,23 and alcohol as drug of choice 22,45,46 are predictors of mortality in substance-dependent individuals. In this study, neither mental illness nor health literacy was associated with mortality.…”

Identificação de aspectos associados à tentativa de suicídio por envenenamento

“…No que se refere ao sexo, mais de 60% da amostra foi constituída por mulheres, com idade inferior a 30 anos, o que corrobora com demais dados científicos sobre o comportamento suicida, os quais afirmam ser as mulheres mais vulneráveis ao risco de suicídio que os homens [9][10][11] .…”

Last Suicide Attempt before Completed Suicide in Severe Depression: An Extended Suicidal Process May Be Found in Men Rather Than Women

“…Suicide risk has appeared to be highest during the first two or three years after an index suicide attempt for patients with mixed diagnoses according to several investigators (Hawton & Fagg 1988, Nielsen, Wang & Bille-Brahe 1990, Ekeberg, Ellingsen & Jacobsen 1991, Nordentoft et al 1993, Johnsson-Fridell, Öjehagen A & Träskman-Bendz 1996, Tejedor 1999, Suokas et al 2001 or for patients with unipolar depression and bipolar disorder (Tidemalm et al 2008). A highest peak after a first-ever hospitalization for a suicide attempt was found in the fourth year (Holley, Fick & Love 1998).…”

“…On the other hand, a long-standing risk of suicide for more than a decade after an index suicide attempt has also been found (Suokas et al 2001, Dahlgren 1977. Suicide mortality up to fourth decade after a first or an index suicide attempt, respectively, has also been reported (Brådvik 2003, Suominen et al 2004).…”