Long term reactivity of CO2 in a low salinity reservoir-seal complex

Pearce, Jon; Croix, Andrew D. La; Underschultz, Jim; Golding, Suzanne D.

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2020.104529

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The Evergreen Formation studied here is a heterogeneous, but thick, sealing package overlying the Precipice Sandstone reservoir. The Evergreen Formation seal consists of interbedded sandstones, carbonate cemented sandstones, mudstones, and ironstone and has been assessed to be a good regional seal (Farquhar et al, 2015;La Croix et al, 2020a;Pearce et al, 2020). The Precipice Sandstone reservoir is a quartz-rich sandstone with high porosity and permeability and has also been assessed to be a generally suitable storage reservoir (Pearce et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Hutton Sandstone is the low-salinity aquifer overlying the Evergreen Formation, and in other areas of the Surat Basin, both the Hutton Sandstone and the Precipice Sandstone are sources of water for agriculture, mining, livestock, or town water bores (Suckow et al, 2018;Hayes et al, 2020). The native quality of the groundwater within these aquifers is very variable with location, being fresh to brackish near recharge in the northern part of the basin, but less well known in the deeper southern part of the Surat Basin, which is now being considered for large-scale CO 2 storage (Hodgkinson and Grigorescu, 2012;Feitz et al, 2014;Pearce et al, 2019a;Pearce et al, 2020;Pearce et al, 2022b). In addition, CO 2 -enhanced oil recovery and storage is being considered in the Moonie Oil Field in the southern Surat Basin (Barakat et al, 2019;Pearce et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metal Mobilization From CO2 Storage Cap-Rocks: Experimental Reactions With Pure CO2 or CO2 SO2 NO

et al. 2022

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CO2 geological storage will be needed as part of the transition to lower greenhouse gas emissions. During CO2 storage, the mobilization of metals from minerals to formation water via CO2 water rock reactions may be a concern for water quality. The sources, behavior, and fate of metals, however, are not well understood. Metals in minerals of calcite cemented sandstone, feldspar-rich sandstone, and ironstone seal drill cores from a target storage site were characterized. The cores were reacted with low-salinity water and pure supercritical CO2 or impure CO2 with SO2 and nitric oxide (NO), under reservoir conditions. Calcite cemented core underwent calcite dissolution with chlorite, plagioclase, and sulfide alteration. The highest concentrations of calcium and manganese were released in the reaction of calcite cemented sandstone seal, with the lowest mobilized arsenic concentration. Pure CO2 reaction of the feldspar-rich sandstone seal resulted in calcite dissolution, with plagioclase, chlorite, kaolinite, illite, and sulfides corroded. Impure CO2 reaction of the feldspar-rich sandstone led to additional corrosion of apatite, pyrite, and sphalerite cements. Generally, dissolved iron, lead, zinc, and arsenic were released and then re-precipitated in oxide minerals or adsorbed. Calcium, manganese, and strontium were released primarily from calcite cement dissolution. Plagioclase corrosion was a second source of dissolved strontium, and chlorite dissolution a second source of manganese. Although sulfides contained higher concentrations of metals, the higher reactivity of carbonates meant that the latter were the main sources contributing to dissolved metal concentrations. The mineral content of the seal cores, and the injected gas mixture, had an impact on the type and concentration of metals released. The ubiquitous presence of carbonate minerals means that this study is applicable to understanding the potential risk factors for water quality changes, and the mobilization and fate of environmentally regulated metals, in both CO2 storage complexes and overlying drinking water aquifers worldwide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Mobilization From CO2 Storage Cap-Rocks: Experimental Reactions With Pure CO2 or CO2 SO2 NO

et al. 2022

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“…[13][14][15][16][17][18] The Fe 2+ and Mg 2+ released by chlorite dissolution can promote the precipitation of ankerite and siderite, which act as the main carrier minerals for CO 2 mineral trapping. 10 The kinetic geochemical CO 2 reactivity models in a low salinity reservoir-seal complex set by Pearce et al (2020) showed that Fe-rich chlorite could react to produce siderite and ankerite mineral trapping up to 2.57 kg/m 3 CO 2 . 19 Therefore, the abundance of chlorite in sandstone significantly influences the capability of CO 2 mineral trapping.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…10 The kinetic geochemical CO 2 reactivity models in a low salinity reservoir-seal complex set by Pearce et al (2020) showed that Fe-rich chlorite could react to produce siderite and ankerite mineral trapping up to 2.57 kg/m 3 CO 2 . 19 Therefore, the abundance of chlorite in sandstone significantly influences the capability of CO 2 mineral trapping. 16 Although chlorite dissolution rates are not as high as those of mafic minerals, the extent of water-chlorite reaction is expected to be significant.…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation for the impact of chlorite dissolution on CO₂ mineral trapping in a sandstone‐brine‐CO₂ system

Cheng

Liu

et al. 2022

Greenhouse Gases

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The mineral trapping of CO 2 in geological formation is the most promising and safe mechanism for permanent carbon storage. The chlorite shows a great influence on the form and capacity of carbon storage in sandstone reservoirs due to its wide distribution and strong chemical activity. In this paper, to better understand the dissolution process of chlorite after the injection of CO 2 and its potential impacts on carbon mineral trapping patterns, two sets of hydrothermal batch reactions toward chlorite and CO 2 fluid are conducted at elevated temperature-pressure conditions (120 °C/180 °C, 18 MPa), considering the effects of extra calcite addition and the initial concentration of Ca 2+ in solution. During reactions, the changes in water chemistry and mineral surface morphology are monitored through effluent sampling and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation, respectively and they are further analyzed in PHREEQC by the method of mineral saturation index. It is found that the simultaneous dissolution of chlorite and calcite in CO 2 saturated solutions will lead to a competition for H + , and the formation of massive surface complex CaHCO 3 by Ca 2+ in the initial solutions will lead to the consumption of H + . These inhibit the proton-promoted dissolution of chlorite. But when the concentration of Ca 2+ is increased to meet the requirements for ankerite precipitation, the demand of ankerite precipitation for elements Fe and Mg will conversely promote the chlorite dissolution. Besides, the concentration of Ca 2+ required for the precipitation of ankerite is relatively low,

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Core characterisation and predicted CO2 reactivity of sandstones and mudstones from an Australian oil field

Pearce

Brink

Dawson

et al. 2022

International Journal of Coal Geology

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Long term reactivity of CO2 in a low salinity reservoir-seal complex

Cited by 16 publications

References 60 publications

Metal Mobilization From CO2 Storage Cap-Rocks: Experimental Reactions With Pure CO2 or CO2 SO2 NO

Metal Mobilization From CO2 Storage Cap-Rocks: Experimental Reactions With Pure CO2 or CO2 SO2 NO

Experimental investigation for the impact of chlorite dissolution on CO₂ mineral trapping in a sandstone‐brine‐CO₂ system

Core characterisation and predicted CO2 reactivity of sandstones and mudstones from an Australian oil field

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Long term reactivity of CO2 in a low salinity reservoir-seal complex

Cited by 16 publications

References 60 publications

Metal Mobilization From CO2 Storage Cap-Rocks: Experimental Reactions With Pure CO2 or CO2 SO2 NO

Metal Mobilization From CO2 Storage Cap-Rocks: Experimental Reactions With Pure CO2 or CO2 SO2 NO

Experimental investigation for the impact of chlorite dissolution on CO2 mineral trapping in a sandstone‐brine‐CO2 system

Core characterisation and predicted CO2 reactivity of sandstones and mudstones from an Australian oil field

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Experimental investigation for the impact of chlorite dissolution on CO₂ mineral trapping in a sandstone‐brine‐CO₂ system