Long-term prognosis of soft-tissue injuries of the neck

Gargan, Martin; Bannister, G.C.

doi:10.1302/0301-620x.72b5.2211780

Cited by 130 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Perhaps overhead work increase tension and tightness around neck and shoulders muscles. The CROM is a useful measure of the severity of neck symptoms 37) . It can be measured clinically and reliably with a cervical goniometer 38) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Pressure Pain in the Upper Trapezius Muscle, Cervical Range of Motion, and the Cervical Flexion^|^ndash;relaxation Ratio after Overhead Work

Shin¹,

An²,

Oh³

et al. 2012

Ind Health

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This study examined the changes in pressure pain in the upper trapezius muscle, cervical range of motion, and cervical flexion-relaxation ratio after overhead work. 14 workers were recruited. Pressure pain in the upper trapezius muscle, active cervical range of motion, and cervical flexion-relaxation ratio were measured in all subjects once before and once after overhead work. The pressure-pain threshold of the left upper trapezius muscle was 8.6 ± 2.5 lb before overhead work and 7.3 ± 2.4 lb after overhead work; that of the right upper trapezius muscle was 8.8 ± 2.9 and 7.3 ± 2.8 lb, respectively, revealing a significant decrease in pressure-pain threshold with overhead work. All cervical range of motion measures decreased significantly with overhead work. The cervical flexion-relaxation ratio on the left side was 1.3 ± 0.2 before overhead work and 1.1 ± 0.2 after overhead work; the respective values for the right side were 1.4 ± 0.5 and 1.2 ± 0.3 before and after overhead work, revealing a significant decrease with overhead work. We postulate that overhead work can reduce the pressure-pain threshold in the upper trapezius muscle and cause changes in the cervical range of motion and cervical flexion-relaxation ratio.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Pressure Pain in the Upper Trapezius Muscle, Cervical Range of Motion, and the Cervical Flexion^|^ndash;relaxation Ratio after Overhead Work

Shin¹,

An²,

Oh³

et al. 2012

Ind Health

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“…Several studies have investigated the course and the prognosis of whiplash, and it has been reported that 14-50% of acute WAD progress to chronic WAD [2,12,21,35] with 28% of residual symptoms being intrusive and 12% being severe [19,21]. Typically the symptoms also change character, from symptoms located to the neck and head, to more complex somatic symptoms as well as several problems of a psychosocial character often accompanied by gross disability [4,11,17,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptom profile of persons self-reporting whiplash: a Norwegian population-based study (HUNT 2)

2009

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The aetiology of chronic whiplash associated disorder (WAD) is unclear and the condition has been perceived both as a chronic pain disorder, based on the injury to the neck, and as a functional somatic disorder. Based on the hypothesis that chronic WAD should be perceived as a functional somatic syndrome, we compared the symptom profile of persons with chronic WAD with the profile of persons with a functional somatic disorder, and with the profile of persons with an organic pain disorder. A sample of 55,046 persons participating in a Norwegian population-based health study (HUNT 2) was divided into four study groups: chronic WAD, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, and controls (none of these disorders). Symptoms were categorized as pain and stiffness, cardiopulmonary and gastrointestinal symptoms, and mental disorders. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from logistic regression were used to compare the prevalence of symptoms among the groups. The chronic WAD group had a significantly higher prevalence of symptoms from all body parts, across organ systems and also mental symptoms, compared to the control group. The fibromyalgia group had an even higher prevalence of all symptoms, while the rheumatoid arthritis group showed an increase in the prevalence of particularly pain and stiffness symptoms and also a minor increase in the prevalence of other symptoms compared to the control group. We conclude that this study provide evidence in favour of the hypothesis that chronic WAD should be perceived as a functional somatic syndrome. Persons with chronic WAD had a symptom profile more similar to people with a functional somatic disorder than an organic pain disorder, consisting of a wide array of symptoms, not only predominantly pain symptoms.

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“…1 After such a 'whiplash' injury about 40% of patients report continuing discomfort and 10% are unable to work. 2 Symptoms which are still established after two years tend to persist and have been reported after a mean of 5 years, 3 8 years, 4 10.8 years, 5 13.5 years 6 and 15 years. 7 A large proportion of patients appears to reach a final state of recovery or chronic symptoms within three months of injury.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Behavioural Response to Whiplash Injury

Gargan

Bannister

Main³

et al. 1997

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume

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We studied 50 consecutive patients presenting at an accident department after rear-end vehicle collisions and recorded symptoms and psychological test scores within one week of injury, at three months and at two years. The range of neck movement was noted at three months.Within one week of injury, psychological test scores were normal in 82% of the group but became abnormal in 81% of the patients with intrusive or disabling symptoms at over three months (p < 0.001) and remained abnormal in 69% at two years. The clinical outcome after two years could be predicted at three months with 76% accuracy by neck stiffness, 74% by psychological score and 82% by a combination of these variables.The severity of symptoms after a whiplash injury is related both to the physical restriction of neck movement and to psychological disorder. The latter becomes established within three months of the injury.

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Long-term prognosis of soft-tissue injuries of the neck

Cited by 130 publications

References 6 publications

Changes in Pressure Pain in the Upper Trapezius Muscle, Cervical Range of Motion, and the Cervical Flexion^|^ndash;relaxation Ratio after Overhead Work

Changes in Pressure Pain in the Upper Trapezius Muscle, Cervical Range of Motion, and the Cervical Flexion^|^ndash;relaxation Ratio after Overhead Work

Symptom profile of persons self-reporting whiplash: a Norwegian population-based study (HUNT 2)

The Behavioural Response to Whiplash Injury

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