Long-term potentiation involves increases in the probability of neurotransmitter release

Abstract

Biochemistry. In the article ''Identification by mass spectrometry of the phosphorylated residue responsible for activation of the catalytic domain of myosin I heavy chain kinase, a member of the PAK͞STE20 family'' by Joanna Szczepanowska, Xiaolong Zhang, Christopher J. Herring, Jun Qin, Edward D. Korn, and Hanna Brzeska, which appeared in number 16, August 5, 1997, of Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (94,(8503)(8504)(8505)(8506)(8507)(8508), the authors wish to note that in Fig. 3, the ions of m͞z 1345.3 and 1247.1 were incorrectly identified as b 13 and b 13 ⌬ , respectively, produced by cleavage of the peptide AS(Pi)VVGTTYW-MAPEVVK between E and V (Fig. 3 Inset). In fact, these ions are b 12 and b 12 ⌬ , produced by cleavage of the peptide between P and E. This correction has no effect on the conclusion that the phosphorylated residue is serine. Also, in Table 2, reference numbers 22-24 should be 21-23 (the reference in the legend is cited correctly) and the MIHCK sequence is from residue 624 to residue 638.Cell Biology. In the article ''Subtraction hybridization identifies a transformation progression-associated gene PEG-3 with sequence homology to a growth arrest and DNA damageinducible gene'' by Zao

Synaptic transmission in the neocortex during reversible cooling

“…Our finding that PPF ratio is higher at temperatures above 30ЊC than at room temperature can be interpreted as indicative of increased release probability at room temperature. 14,25,38,42,56 Consistent with that are observations that in some cases the EPSP amplitude increase with moderate cooling 19 and our own data presented here. In contrast, other results of Hardingham and Larkman 19 are indicative of decreased release probability at lower temperatures.…”

“…Most of the factors contributing to paired-pulse interaction are believed to have a presynaptic origin. 14,25,38,42,56 The amplitude of response to the second pulse in a pair depends on the portion of transmitter that remains available for release after the first response, on the speed of refilling of the transmitter vesicle pool and on the facilitatory effect of residual calcium. Due to these factors, PPF ratio has a roughly inverse relation to the transmitter release probability.…”

Steroid pregnenolone sulfate enhances NMDA‐receptor‐independent long‐term potentiation at hippocampal CA1 synapses: Role for L‐type calcium channels and sigma‐receptors

“…Changes in the paired-pulse ratio (PPR; i.e., the slope of the second in the pair of evoked fepsps relative to the first) were measured as a sensitive indicator of a change in the probability of glutamate release from presynaptic terminals (Dobrunz and Stevens, 1997;Schulz, 1997). PPR data were obtained by delivering two stimulations at 40 ms intervals every min for 4 min prior to and 60 min after HFS (Fig.…”

PACAP-38 Enhances Excitatory Synaptic Transmission in the Rat Hippocampal CA1 Region

“…PPF was examined in each slice using a 40-msec interpulse interval as previously described (Dobrunz and Stevens 1997). PPF is a transient increase in synaptic efficacy that is caused by the accumulation of residual Ca 2+ within the presynaptic terminals following the initial stimulus pulse of a two-stimulation protocol, when the second stimulus follows shortly (20-200 msec) after the first stimulus (Voronin and Kuhnt1990;Andreasen and Hablitz 1994;Dobrunz and Stevens 1997;Schlulz 1997). Only the slices in which the elicited fEPSPs were constant for 20-30 min were used in this study.…”