“…Recent studies have shown that microbial interactions and organize into well-established ecological clusters that contain microbes with similar ecological preferences, and these ecological clusters have a major effect on ecosystem functioning (Wang et al, 2022b;Yang et al, 2022;Fan et al, 2023). Ecological clusters comprise the core microbial taxa, which are essential for maintaining functional stability, and they explain most of the observed changes in soil organic C under a ridge-furrow with plastic mulching system (Du et al, 2023;Li et al, 2023). Thus, identification of the core microbial clusters can enhance our understanding of the roles of microbes in soil C cycling in agroecosystems and provide insights with implications for soil ecosystem conservation and management.…”