Marine ecosystems are experiencing many changes in response to natural processes, human activities and climate change, with phytoplankton community structure and dynamics strongly affected by shifts in hydrological regimes (Chavez et al., 2011;Kulk et al., 2020;Marty et al., 2002;Marty & Chiavérini, 2010). Phytoplankton is a key component of marine ecosystem functioning, being represented by primary producers contributing about half of the global net primary production with strong implication for global carbon fluxes, biogeochemical cycles, and ocean-atmosphere interactions (e.g., Bauer