Long-term Outcomes of Exercise

Korpelainen, Raija; Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka; Nieminen, Pentti; Heikkinen, Jorma; Väänänen, Kalervo; Korpelainen, Juha T.

doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.311

Cited by 50 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Since falls are an equally important risk factor for fracture as skeletal fragility, fracture risk reduction exercise programs should both strengthen bone and lower fall risk. Resistance training reduces risk factors for falls by increasing muscle strength and improving stability [20]. POWIR improved lower extremity muscle strength in older BCS regardless of age [18], lowering a top risk factor for falls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise effects on hip bone mineral density in older, post-menopausal breast cancer survivors are age dependent

2012

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Purpose Previously we reported that a program of resistance + impact training stopped bone loss at the spine in older, postmenopausal BCS, but had no effect on bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip. Aging may blunt the responsiveness of the hip to mechanical loading so we conducted a secondary data analysis to evaluate age moderated the effect of exercise on hip BMD. Methods We analyzed data from our randomized, controlled trial in older (≥ 50 years of age at diagnosis), postmenopausal, post-adjuvant treatment BCS (n=106) comparing women assigned to impact + resistance exercise (POWIR) or to a control program of low-intensity stretching (FLEX). We examined effect modification by age on BMD at three hip sites (greater trochanter, femoral neck, and total hip) using hierarchical linear modeling adjusting for time since diagnosis and use of adjuvant hormone therapy. Results Age moderated the effect of exercise on total hip BMD such that younger women in POWIR were more likely to see a positive net benefit than FLEX compared to older women where there was little difference between groups (p=0.02). Conclusions The skeletal response to loading at the hip within postmenopausal BCS diminishes with age. Whether more vigorous exercise programs and/or longer training periods are required to favorably change hip health in older BCS will require future study and careful thought about the risks and benefits of tougher training programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise effects on hip bone mineral density in older, post-menopausal breast cancer survivors are age dependent

2012

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“…Home-based exercise programs have been shown to improve standard measures of balance, an effect that is preserved over time 19. There is good evidence that muscle strengthening and balance retraining are effective in reducing falls and fall-related injuries, both individually and as part of a multidisciplinary approach.…”

Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Community-based health efforts for the prevention of falls in the elderly

Hanley

Silke²,

Murphy³

2010

CIA

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Falls are a major public health problem in the elderly population. The associated health care cost is great. It has therefore become an important public health matter to evaluate those interventions that might be effective in reducing the risk of falls. Risk factors that predict an increased risk of falling are described. We discuss interventions that can be employed in the community to reduce the risk of falls and associated injuries by discipline, including physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and physician-led interventions. We also discuss the cost-effectiveness of such interventions.

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“…§ In addition, hip strength has been associated with the assessment or progression of various neuromuscular and/or orthopaedic conditions, such as osteoarthritis, postpartum posterior pelvic pain, muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, hip fracture, and fall risk in the elderly. 6,19,25,29,30,35,37 …”

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confidence: 99%

Reliability of a New Stabilized Dynamometer System for the Evaluation of Hip Strength

et al. 2012

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Background:Hip strength is associated with numerous orthopaedic and neuromuscular injuries and/or pathologies and may be assessed with a variety of anatomic testing positions and techniques. Isokinetic dynamometers are generally too cumbersome and intricate for efficient use in mass screenings (for prognostic studies of risk for injury) as well as with special populations. The reliability of isometric testing devices has demonstrated varied reliability, generally examining only 1 or 2 motions of the hip and reporting values of force, not torque. Consequently, there is a need for an efficient hip strength-testing device to quantify torque that tests subjects in 1 anatomic position, while evaluating multiple hip motions.Hypothesis:Evaluation of supine hip abduction, adduction, flexion, and extension torque using a new stabilized dynamometer system will produce good to excellent intra- and interexaminer reliability results.Study Design:A blinded, randomized, repeated-measures study design was used in this descriptive laboratory investigation.Methods:Supine isometric hip flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction torques were evaluated with a cage-stabilized dynamometer in 19 collegiate and professional-level ice hockey athletes by 2 investigators at 3 time intervals. Inter- and intrarater reliability was assessed.Results:Supine hip flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction torque was performed with good to excellent inter- and intrarater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.74 to 0.92 and 0.78 to 0.92, respectively) for all motions tested.Conclusions:We have developed an isometric hip strength-testing device that can be assembled around an examination table to efficiently and reliably evaluate torque developed for multiple motions of the hip.Clinical Relevance:This device and testing protocol may be used to efficiently evaluate hip strength in numerous settings; it allows decreased subject burden and increased comfort (which may be important following an injury in case-control investigations); and it may be well tolerated when testing athletes as well as special populations in the clinical setting.

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Long-term Outcomes of Exercise

Abstract: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00655577.

Cited by 50 publications

References 37 publications

Exercise effects on hip bone mineral density in older, post-menopausal breast cancer survivors are age dependent

Exercise effects on hip bone mineral density in older, post-menopausal breast cancer survivors are age dependent

Community-based health efforts for the prevention of falls in the elderly

Reliability of a New Stabilized Dynamometer System for the Evaluation of Hip Strength

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