Long-term Outcomes of and Recurrence Risk Factors Associated withPhotodynamic Therapy to Treat Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Abstract

We sought risk factors for the development of persistent or recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) in patients under long-term follow-up (>1 year) after photodynamic therapy (PDT). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who received PDT to treat CSC from January 2005 to February 2016. CSC was considered persistent if subretinal fluid (SRF) was evident for longer than 3 months or if additional treatment was required before 3 months. Also, CSC was regarded as recurrent when SRF re-appeared after initial complete resorption. Results: We enrolled 73 patients (77 eyes). The mean follow-up period was 48.9 ± 31.3 months (12 to 144 months). The persistent group consisted of 10 eyes (13%) and the recurrent group 17 eyes (22%). The mean time to recurrence was 39.8 ± 23.3 months, ranging from 3 to 91 months. Fifty patients (52 eyes) were enrolled in the treatment-naive group. The persistent group consisted of four eyes (8%) and the recurrent group 10 eyes (19%). The mean time to recurrence was 48.4 ± 30.0 months. On chi-squared analysis of recurrence risk factors in all patients, the odds ratio for eyes with a history of both focal laser and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatments prior to PDT was 2.94 (p = 0.031). Conclusions: CSC patients with histories of other treatment are likely to exhibit persistent or recurrent disease after PDT.