Long-term outcome of changes in cognitive function of young rats after various/different doses of whole brain irradiation

Sun, Rui; Zhang, Liyuan; Chen, Lie-Song; Tian, Ye

doi:10.1080/01616412.2016.1188483

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In NLR, radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction was demonstrated by the decrease of exploration time in the novel location or decreased discrimination ratio. In Sun's research, dosage of 20 Gy/1 f and 30 Gy/1 f, but not 2 Gy/1 f and 10 Gy/1 f impaired recognition memory by decreasing the exploration time in the novel location [52]. However, in the series studies by Acharya on stem cell transplantation [47][48][49] and the research undertaken by Tome [53], a dosage of 10 Gy/1 f could decrease the exploration time in the novel location.…”

Section: Novel Object Recognition and Novel Location Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, the results of Roughton's research were the opposite by decreasing the total time in the center, which indicated that a dosage of 8 Gy/1 f increased the level of anxiety [16]. In addition, the research work undertaken by Zhang and Sun indicated that dosages of 2 Gy/1 f, 10 Gy/1 f, 20 Gy/1 f and 30 Gy/1 f had no effects on the level of anxiety by exerting no influence on the total time or distance spent in the center [35,52]. 33 Gy respectively) were used to induce impairment in cognition.…”

Section: Cognitive Tests To Evaluate Radiation-induced Cognitive Dysfmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In some studies, the effects of radiation on spatial learning and reference memory were dose-dependent. In Sun's research group, a dosage of 20 Gy/ 1 f and 30 Gy/ 1 f, but not 10 Gy/1 f and 2 Gy/1 f jeopardized spatial learning and reference memory [52]. However, a dosage of 10 Gy/1 f was able to impair spatial learning and reference memory in some studies.…”

Section: Cognitive Tests To Evaluate Radiation-induced Cognitive Dysfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A dosage of 20 Gy/5 f of which the BED is nearly equivalent to that of 10 Gy/1 f was also reported to be incapable of impairing recognition memory [38]. Other dosages of 40 Gy/8 f [18,46], 50 Gy/10 f [45], 20 Gy/1 f and 30 Gy/1 f [52] in various studies jeopardized recognition memory. In NLR, radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction was demonstrated by the decrease of exploration time in the novel location or decreased discrimination ratio.…”

Section: Novel Object Recognition and Novel Location Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction detected by NOR was demonstrated by the decrease of exploration time in the novel object or decreased discrimination ratio and they were dose-dependent in some studies. According to the results of available studies, a dosage of 2 Gy/1 f could not impair recognition memory [52]. The effects of 10 Gy/1 f irradiation on recognition memory were not consistent, which may impair [44,61] or exert no effects [42,53] on recognition memory in different studies for both rats and mice.…”

Section: Novel Object Recognition and Novel Location Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Current Utilization of Cognitive Tests in the Research of Radiation-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Rodent Models

Li¹,

Chen²,

Zhang³

2017

Brain Disord Ther

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Recent clinical studies suggest that radiation-induced damage to the hippocampus plays a considerable role in the cognitive dysfunction of patients after cranial irradiation. In particular, deficits in learning, memory, and spatial processing observed in patients who received WBI are thought to be related to hippocampal injury [7]. The mechanisms of radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction are not yet fully understood. According to the available knowledge, radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction is hypothesized to result from dynamic interactions between multiple cell types: vascular and glial clonogens, neurogenesis, neural function and neuroinflammation [8][9][10]. Therefore, studies into the mechanisms and preventive measures of radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction are of paramount importance to decrease the side effects of WBI and increase the quality of life of patients. To achieve this goal, widely acknowledged animal models and universally utilized cognitive tests are the prerequisite and foundation. The Establishment of Rodent ModelsRodents, including mice and rats, are the most commonly utilized animal models in medical research given their genetic background, anatomical structure, operability, and relatively low cost of use [11]. Experimental data indicated that rodents showed similar anatomical AbstractWhole brain irradiation using low LET rays has remained the mainstay to treat some primary and metastatic brain tumors. Radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction is a progressive and irreversible late side effect after whole brain irradiation and inevitably decreases the quality of life of cancer survivors. To address this negative issue, many studies have been performed to explore the mechanisms of radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction and to develop efficacious preventive and treating measures. The prerequisite and foundation of implementing a persuasive and profound study to investigate radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction is the utilization of widely acknowledged animal models and universally applied cognitive tests. In this review, articles studying radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction from 2011 to 2016 were collected. The establishment of animal models and detailed utilization of cognitive tests were analyzed and summarized. This review summarized the general range of irradiation doses and time intervals utilized and the effects of these two factors on the results of cognitive tests. changes and physiopathological mechanisms to human beings after cranial irradiation [12]. In addition, the effects of radiation on rodents could be assessed over relatively short time periods-weeks to months rather than years to decades. Anatomical and functional changes of rodents after cranial irradiation are dependent on age, dose, and sex, which are compatible with the risk factors in human patients [13]. Given that these observations are representative of the effects seen in patients, the rodent model would enable the efficient study of mechanisms and treatments.

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