Long term observation of micturition by spinal cord transected rabbits

Hiraizumi, Yutaka; Hisamitsu, Tadashi; Ichikawa, Santa; Fujimaki, Etsuo

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(87)90397-0

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…EUS bursting is not unique to rats. Phasic EUS activity during voiding has also been reported in the mouse, hamster,cat, and non‐human primate with intact nervous systems and after damage to the nervous system in the rabbit and dog . The guinea pig EUS does not normally exhibit phasic activation during voiding, but noxious experimental conditions (e.g., instillation of slightly acidic or ice‐cold solutions into the bladder) can elicit EUS bursting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of the external urethral sphincter to urinary void size in unanesthetized unrestrained rats

LaPallo

Wolpaw

Chen

et al. 2015

Neurourology and Urodynamics

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Aims In anesthetized rats, voiding is typically associated with phasic activation (bursting) of the external urethral sphincter (EUS). During spontaneous voiding in unanesthetized, unrestrained rats, EUS bursting is the most common form of EUS activity exhibited, but it is not necessary for productive voiding to occur. The aim of the present study was to determine which aspects of EUS activity contributed to void size during bursting and non-bursting voiding in conscious, freely moving rats. Methods Female rats were implanted with electrodes adjacent to the EUS for recording electromyographic activity (EMG). EUS EMG recordings were performed during 24-hr sessions in a metabolic cage while voided urine was continuously collected and weighed. Results Void size was positively correlated with the duration of the intra-burst silent and active periods and variables reflecting the overall intensity and duration of bursting, particularly at lower frequencies within the 3–10 Hz range of EUS bursting. In addition, void size was inversely related to the frequency of bursting and to the average EMG amplitude during voiding, both in voids with and without bursting. Conclusions EUS bursting contributes to productive voiding when bursting is present. Lower bursting frequencies elicit more productive voiding than do higher frequencies. In the absence of bursting, the association of increased void size with smaller average EUS EMG amplitude suggests that conscious rats can perform synergic voiding (i.e., bladder contraction with EUS relaxation) that is comparable to that seen in humans and other typically non-bursting species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of the external urethral sphincter to urinary void size in unanesthetized unrestrained rats

LaPallo

Wolpaw

Chen

et al. 2015

Neurourology and Urodynamics

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“…These three pathways participate in a synergistic loop and are connected to the sacral micturition reflex center in the conus medullaris and the pons micturition reflex center. 11 The erection reflex involves the pudendal nerve as an afferent pathway and the pelvic nerve as an efferent pathway and the sacral erection reflex center in the conus medullaris. This loop is affected by the thoracolumbar erection center and the limbic system.…”

Section: • Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiologic Evaluation of Intermittent Sacral Nerve Dysfunction in Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis

Hiraizumi

Transfeldt²,

Fujimaki³

et al. 1993

Spine

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“…Similarly, in the rabbit, reflex micturition also appears relatively quickly, within 1 to 2 days [25]. Thus, while supraspinal influences may exist, a spinal micturition reflex of the guinea pig, and apparently the rabbit, is normally present and does not require any neural reorganization to be realized.…”

Section: Urodynamic Patterns In Spinal Cord-transected Animalsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Thus, although the guinea pig does not appear to normally use the PFPAPG, this mechanism can be called into play under certain circumstances. A bit further removed, the rabbit, a nonrodent of the lagomorph group, also exhibits phasic EUS activity during micturition [25].…”

Section: Detrusor-urethra Coordination In Nonhuman Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That the species specifics of the frequency of micturition-associated phasic EUS contractions and the timing of these contractions in relation to the phase of the bladder contraction pressure wave may differ in specific details likely reflects allometric considerations and anatomic design differences [14]. For example, the hamster [22], rabbit [25], and cat [32][33][34][35][36] seem to favor phasic firing more toward the end of voiding, while the rat reliably demonstrates this activity throughout the voiding phase (unpublished observations). That in some species these micturitionassociated phasic EUS contractions appear obligatory for efficient voiding, while in others, they may be conditional does detract from the significance of the presence of this retained PFPAPG neural circuitry that drives them.…”

Section: Detrusor-urethra Coordination In Nonhuman Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Insights into the Pathophysiology of Detrusor-Sphincter Dyssynergia

Fraser

2011

Curr Bladder Dysfunct Rep

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Detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) is a condition in which the urethral outlet actively contracts during a detrusor contraction. This is most often caused by isolated and complete suprasacral spinal cord lesions and can be manifested by external urethral sphincter (EUS) or bladder neck/ proximal urethral smooth muscle contraction, or both, reflexly generated against a hyperreflexive detrusor contraction. The resultant generation of high intravesical pressures, if left untreated, can cause damage to the bladder itself and result in ureteral reflux, hydronephrosis, and renal failure. Current therapies solve some problems but do not address the underlying pathology. Thus, understanding the pathophysiology underlying EUS DSD remains a priority in the urologic care of patients with suprasacral transverse spinal myelopathies. This review examines data and concepts from animals and humans to elucidate the pathophysiology of EUS DSD.

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Long term observation of micturition by spinal cord transected rabbits

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Contribution of the external urethral sphincter to urinary void size in unanesthetized unrestrained rats

Contribution of the external urethral sphincter to urinary void size in unanesthetized unrestrained rats

Electrophysiologic Evaluation of Intermittent Sacral Nerve Dysfunction in Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis

New Insights into the Pathophysiology of Detrusor-Sphincter Dyssynergia

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