Long term mortality of mothers and fathers after pre-eclampsia: population based cohort study Pre-eclampsia and cardiovascular disease later in life: who is at risk?

Irgens, Henrik; Reisater, Lars; Irgens, Lorentz M.; Lie, Rolv Terje; Roberts, James M.

doi:10.1136/bmj.323.7323.1213

Cited by 969 publications

(693 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Most previous studies of the association between hypertensive pregnancy disorders and future maternal CVD have either examined GH and preeclampsia combined or focused solely on preeclampsia 1, 3, 33, 34. The risk of future CVD for GH alone has been less studied, but some previous studies support our finding of a positive association between GH and cardiovascular events 19, 20, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29, 30.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Association Between Gestational Hypertension and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among 617 589 Norwegian Women

Riise

Sulo

Tell

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundPreeclampsia and gestational hypertension (GH) are the most common hypertensive pregnancy disorders. Preeclampsia has been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but a similar association for GH has not been established. We aimed to determine the association between GH and subsequent CVD, and explore the additional role of small‐for‐gestational‐age infants, preterm delivery, and parity.Methods and ResultsData from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway were linked to the Cardiovascular Disease in Norway project and the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were computed using Cox proportional hazard regression, comparing women with and without GH during their first and/or second pregnancy. We included all women with a first delivery from 1980 through 2009 (n=617 589) and followed them for a median of 14.3 (quartile 1–quartile 3: 6.9–21.5) years. Women with GH in the first pregnancy had 1.8‐fold (95% confidence interval, 1.7–2.0) higher risk of subsequent CVD compared with women without any hypertensive pregnancy disorder. When GH occurred in combination with small‐for‐gestational‐age infants and/or preterm delivery, the hazard ratio was 2.6 (95% confidence interval, 2.3–3.0). When women with GH were compared with women with preeclampsia, the risk of CVD was comparable when the pregnancy complications occurred in either the first or second pregnancy but was significantly higher for preeclampsia without complications when the disorder occurred in both pregnancies.Conclusions GH was associated with increased risk of subsequent CVD, and the highest risk was observed when GH was combined with small‐for‐gestational‐age infants and/or preterm delivery.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Association Between Gestational Hypertension and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among 617 589 Norwegian Women

Riise

Sulo

Tell

et al. 2018

JAHA

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“…These women also have roughly double the risk of venous thromboembolism and 4 times the risk of DM compared with those with normotensive pregnancies 38, 45. In addition, although preeclampsia is associated with only a modest increase in overall mortality, it has been found to be associated with a 1.7‐ to 3.6‐fold increase in CVD mortality across various studies 38, 41, 42, 46, 47…”

Section: Hdp and Long‐term Risk Of Maternal Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Future Maternal Cardiovascular Risk

Ying

Catov

Ouyang

2018

JAHA

181

119

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“…Women who develop HDP have an increased risk of ischemic heart disease (11-16), hypertension (12,15), stroke (14,15), venous thromboembolism (13,17), and mortality (14,16,18) over the long term. Greater weight gain, and the increased risk of overweight and obesity in middle age, is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers, and overall mortality (19)(20)(21)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy with Weight Gain over the Subsequent 21 Years: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study

Callaway

McIntyre

O’Callaghan

et al. 2007

American Journal of Epidemiology

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Obesity is an important risk factor for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, but most cases of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy occur in women of normal weight. There may be predisposing factors to both hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and obesity. To test this hypothesis, the authors compared changes in body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m) 2 ) over time in women with and without hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. They used data from 3,572 women who received antenatal care at a major public hospital in Brisbane, Australia, between 1981 and 1984 and who were followed up for 21 years. A total of 318 women (8.9%) had experienced hypertensive disorders in the index pregnancy, and 233 of them (73.3%) had a baseline body mass index of 25 kg/m 2 . After the authors adjusted for all potential confounding factors, they found that women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy gained on average 1.35 kg/m 2 more (95% confidence interval: 0.80 kg/m 2 , 1.89 kg/m 2 ) in body mass index over 21 years than women without hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The odds of gaining 5 kg/m 2 were 59% greater for women who experienced hypertensive disorders of pregnancy compared with those who did not (odds ratio = 1.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.24, 2.04). The authors concluded that hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with increased weight gain over 21 years. body mass index; body weight; hypertension; pre-eclampsia; pregnancy; prospective studies; weight gain; women Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HDP, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

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Long term mortality of mothers and fathers after pre-eclampsia: population based cohort study Pre-eclampsia and cardiovascular disease later in life: who is at risk?

Cited by 969 publications

References 26 publications

Association Between Gestational Hypertension and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among 617 589 Norwegian Women

Association Between Gestational Hypertension and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among 617 589 Norwegian Women

Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Future Maternal Cardiovascular Risk

The Association of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy with Weight Gain over the Subsequent 21 Years: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study

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