Long-Term Monitoring of Water and Air Quality at an Indoor Pool Facility during Modifications of Water Treatment

Abstract

Previous research has shown that volatile disinfection byproducts (DBPs) can adversely affect the human respiratory system. As a result, swimming pool water treatment processes can play important roles in governing water and air quality. Thus, it was hypothesized that water and air quality in a swimming pool facility can be improved by renewing or enhancing one or more components of water treatment. This study is designed to identify and quantify changes in water and air quality that are associated with changes in water treatment at an indoor chlorinated swimming pool facility. Reductions in aqueous trichloramine (NCl3) concentration were observed following the use of secondary oxidizer with its activator. This inclusion also resulted in significant decreases in the concentrations of cyanogen chloride (CNCl) in pool water. The concentration of urea, a compound that is common in swimming pools and that functions as an important precursor to NCl3 formation, as well as a marker compound for the introduction of contaminants by swimmers, was also reduced after the addition of the activator. Concentrations of gas-phase NCl3 did not decrease after the treatment processes were changed. The collection of long-term water and air quality measurements also allowed for an assessment of the effects of bather load on water and air quality. In general, the concentrations of urea (an NCl3 precursor), liquid-phase NCl3, and gas-phase NCl3 all increased during periods of high swimmer number.

Recent Achievements in Research on Thermal Comfort and Ventilation in the Aspect of Providing People with Appropriate Conditions in Different Types of Buildings—Semi-Systematic Review

“…There are many more buildings and activities that also require special conditions, like sports buildings [91][92][93][94][95], including swimming pools [96][97][98] and fitness centers [99], as well as kindergartens [100][101][102][103][104], nurseries [105][106][107], museums [108][109][110], and churches [111][112][113].…”

Detection of Wastewater Pollution Through Natural Language Generation With a Low-Cost Sensing Platform

“…Our approach works as follows. First, let us recall that each measurement is made of 1600 timestamps, t ∈ [1,1600] indicating the warm-up phase where the sensors are exposed to wastewater only, injection time happening at t = 600, and t ∈ [601, 1600] indicating the phase after injection, where sensors are exposed to wastewater and the substance.…”

“…more important in the near future. There are many aspects that should be kept under control and concern the quality of the air, soil, and water [1], [2]. In fact, their continuous monitoring would allow targeted and timely actions aimed at restoring optimal conditions following dangerous events such as the appearance of pollutants.…”

Characterization and chlorine reactivity of particulate matter released by bathers in indoor swimming pools

“…In addition to the type and the management of the water (and air) treatment chain in swimming pools, the hygienic behavior of bathers can considerably minimize the inputs of DPB precursors in the pool (Keuten et al, 2012;Skibinski et al, 2019). Combining sand filtration with granular activated carbon filtration has been proven to be the most effective treatment for reducing DBPs and their precursors; however, conventional water treatment techniques combining (or not combining) coagulation and sand filtration remain the most widely utilized methods (Lee et Blatchley, 2022). Nonetheless, during the filtration step, dissolved and undissolved compounds are retained on the filter media (Amburgey et al, 2012), where they are exposed to chlorinated water and can form new or additional DBPs, until the backwashing process is initiated (Skibinski et al, 2016).…”